Examination of the reproductive effects of tricresyl phosphate administered to Long-Evans rats

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

“…Under our experimental conditions, statistical analysis showed that TOCP exposure significantly reduced the numbers of implanted embryo in 200 and 400 mg/kg/day groups on GD 8 and GD 13. Almost consistent with our findings, Carlton et al found after mating TOCP‐treated male mice for 56 days with TOCP‐treated female mice for 14 days, the parturition rate of fetus was severely decreased, and the offspring viability was significantly attenuated in the 400 mg/kg group. Chapin et al demonstrated that a decline in the fertility index and the proportion of pups alive was also observed in the high‐dose group.…”

“…TOCP (purity > 95%) was purchased from J&K Scientific Co., Ltd. (China), and dissolved in corn oil (COFCO, China). The concentrations were determined based on previous studies . Pregnant mice were weighed and administrated with these different concentrations of TOCP daily from GD1 to their sacrifice by gavage (0.1 ml/20 g body weight) (Figure A).…”

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

“…Under our experimental conditions, statistical analysis showed that TOCP exposure significantly reduced the numbers of implanted embryo in 200 and 400 mg/kg/day groups on GD 8 and GD 13. Almost consistent with our findings, Carlton et al found after mating TOCP‐treated male mice for 56 days with TOCP‐treated female mice for 14 days, the parturition rate of fetus was severely decreased, and the offspring viability was significantly attenuated in the 400 mg/kg group. Chapin et al demonstrated that a decline in the fertility index and the proportion of pups alive was also observed in the high‐dose group.…”

“…TOCP (purity > 95%) was purchased from J&K Scientific Co., Ltd. (China), and dissolved in corn oil (COFCO, China). The concentrations were determined based on previous studies . Pregnant mice were weighed and administrated with these different concentrations of TOCP daily from GD1 to their sacrifice by gavage (0.1 ml/20 g body weight) (Figure A).…”

House dust-derived mixtures of organophosphate esters alter the phenotype, function, transcriptome, and lipidome of KGN human ovarian granulosa cells

“…Similar observations using individual OPEs have been reported in various other cell types, including murine cell lines related to male reproductive function ( Wang et al , 2022 ), human preadipocytes ( Tung et al , 2017 ), human hepatocytes ( An et al , 2023 ; Hao et al , 2019 ; Xiang and Wang, 2021 ; Yu et al , 2024 ), human placental cells ( Wang et al , 2021b ), human adrenal cells ( Li et al , 2023 ), and macrophages ( Hu et al , 2019 ) following exposure to individual OPEs. In line with these in vitro findings, an accumulation of lipids was observed in adrenal cortical cells and ovarian stromal cells collected from OPE-exposed rats ( Carlton et al , 1987 , Latendresse et al , 1995 , Wade et al , 2019 ). In a previous study, several major constituents of the total OPE mixture (TBOEP, TMPP, IPPP, TPHP, and BPDP, comprising 78.3% of the total mixture) were found to increase the total area of lipid droplets in KGN cells with BMC 10 values between 1.2 μM (TMPP) and 42 μM (TBOEP); TDCIPP and TCIPP, that comprise 12.4% of the mixture, had no effect on lipid droplets at 100 μM ( Wang et al , 2022 ).…”

A repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study of cyflumetofen,a novel acaricide, in rats

“…A variety of chemicals have been shown to induce excessive lipid accumulation in the adrenal cortex of rodents and other animal species (Capen et al, 2002;Greaves, 2007a;Haschek et al, 2010a), while agents known to cause lipidosis of ovarian interstitial gland are limited to certain chemicals such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), butylated triphenyl phosphate (BTP), and nitrofurazone (Carlton et al, 1987;Greaves, 2007b;Latendresse et al, 1994;Maronpot, 1987). It has been suggested that xenobiotics may increase lipid deposition Table 9.…”

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

“…Under our experimental conditions, statistical analysis showed that TOCP exposure significantly reduced the numbers of implanted embryo in 200 and 400 mg/kg/day groups on GD 8 and GD 13. Almost consistent with our findings, Carlton et al found after mating TOCP‐treated male mice for 56 days with TOCP‐treated female mice for 14 days, the parturition rate of fetus was severely decreased, and the offspring viability was significantly attenuated in the 400 mg/kg group. Chapin et al demonstrated that a decline in the fertility index and the proportion of pups alive was also observed in the high‐dose group.…”

“…TOCP (purity > 95%) was purchased from J&K Scientific Co., Ltd. (China), and dissolved in corn oil (COFCO, China). The concentrations were determined based on previous studies . Pregnant mice were weighed and administrated with these different concentrations of TOCP daily from GD1 to their sacrifice by gavage (0.1 ml/20 g body weight) (Figure A).…”

House dust-derived mixtures of organophosphate esters alter the phenotype, function, transcriptome, and lipidome of KGN human ovarian granulosa cells

“…Similar observations using individual OPEs have been reported in various other cell types, including murine cell lines related to male reproductive function ( Wang et al , 2022 ), human preadipocytes ( Tung et al , 2017 ), human hepatocytes ( An et al , 2023 ; Hao et al , 2019 ; Xiang and Wang, 2021 ; Yu et al , 2024 ), human placental cells ( Wang et al , 2021b ), human adrenal cells ( Li et al , 2023 ), and macrophages ( Hu et al , 2019 ) following exposure to individual OPEs. In line with these in vitro findings, an accumulation of lipids was observed in adrenal cortical cells and ovarian stromal cells collected from OPE-exposed rats ( Carlton et al , 1987 , Latendresse et al , 1995 , Wade et al , 2019 ). In a previous study, several major constituents of the total OPE mixture (TBOEP, TMPP, IPPP, TPHP, and BPDP, comprising 78.3% of the total mixture) were found to increase the total area of lipid droplets in KGN cells with BMC 10 values between 1.2 μM (TMPP) and 42 μM (TBOEP); TDCIPP and TCIPP, that comprise 12.4% of the mixture, had no effect on lipid droplets at 100 μM ( Wang et al , 2022 ).…”

A repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study of cyflumetofen,a novel acaricide, in rats

“…A variety of chemicals have been shown to induce excessive lipid accumulation in the adrenal cortex of rodents and other animal species (Capen et al, 2002;Greaves, 2007a;Haschek et al, 2010a), while agents known to cause lipidosis of ovarian interstitial gland are limited to certain chemicals such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), butylated triphenyl phosphate (BTP), and nitrofurazone (Carlton et al, 1987;Greaves, 2007b;Latendresse et al, 1994;Maronpot, 1987). It has been suggested that xenobiotics may increase lipid deposition Table 9.…”

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

“…Under our experimental conditions, statistical analysis showed that TOCP exposure significantly reduced the numbers of implanted embryo in 200 and 400 mg/kg/day groups on GD 8 and GD 13. Almost consistent with our findings, Carlton et al found after mating TOCP‐treated male mice for 56 days with TOCP‐treated female mice for 14 days, the parturition rate of fetus was severely decreased, and the offspring viability was significantly attenuated in the 400 mg/kg group. Chapin et al demonstrated that a decline in the fertility index and the proportion of pups alive was also observed in the high‐dose group.…”

“…TOCP (purity > 95%) was purchased from J&K Scientific Co., Ltd. (China), and dissolved in corn oil (COFCO, China). The concentrations were determined based on previous studies . Pregnant mice were weighed and administrated with these different concentrations of TOCP daily from GD1 to their sacrifice by gavage (0.1 ml/20 g body weight) (Figure A).…”

House dust-derived mixtures of organophosphate esters alter the phenotype, function, transcriptome, and lipidome of KGN human ovarian granulosa cells

“…Similar observations using individual OPEs have been reported in various other cell types, including murine cell lines related to male reproductive function ( Wang et al , 2022 ), human preadipocytes ( Tung et al , 2017 ), human hepatocytes ( An et al , 2023 ; Hao et al , 2019 ; Xiang and Wang, 2021 ; Yu et al , 2024 ), human placental cells ( Wang et al , 2021b ), human adrenal cells ( Li et al , 2023 ), and macrophages ( Hu et al , 2019 ) following exposure to individual OPEs. In line with these in vitro findings, an accumulation of lipids was observed in adrenal cortical cells and ovarian stromal cells collected from OPE-exposed rats ( Carlton et al , 1987 , Latendresse et al , 1995 , Wade et al , 2019 ). In a previous study, several major constituents of the total OPE mixture (TBOEP, TMPP, IPPP, TPHP, and BPDP, comprising 78.3% of the total mixture) were found to increase the total area of lipid droplets in KGN cells with BMC 10 values between 1.2 μM (TMPP) and 42 μM (TBOEP); TDCIPP and TCIPP, that comprise 12.4% of the mixture, had no effect on lipid droplets at 100 μM ( Wang et al , 2022 ).…”

A repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study of cyflumetofen,a novel acaricide, in rats

“…A variety of chemicals have been shown to induce excessive lipid accumulation in the adrenal cortex of rodents and other animal species (Capen et al, 2002;Greaves, 2007a;Haschek et al, 2010a), while agents known to cause lipidosis of ovarian interstitial gland are limited to certain chemicals such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), butylated triphenyl phosphate (BTP), and nitrofurazone (Carlton et al, 1987;Greaves, 2007b;Latendresse et al, 1994;Maronpot, 1987). It has been suggested that xenobiotics may increase lipid deposition Table 9.…”