Evolution of Wireless Communication to 6G: Potential Applications and Research Directions

Asghar, Muhammad Zeeshan; Memon, Saima Q.; Hämäläinen, Jyri

doi:10.3390/su14106356

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Several unresolved problems in MEC are also summarized. In [ 7 ], the survey study, a comprehensive perspective, was adopted to highlight the importance of architectural transformation to 6G. It was also adopted to highlight the appropriate architectural improvements that can be made to wireless future technologies.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cluster-Based Multi-User Multi-Server Caching Mechanism in Beyond 5G/6G MEC

Samir

El‐Hennawy

El-Badawy

2023

Sensors

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The work on perfecting the rapid proliferation of wireless technologies resulted in the development of wireless modeling standards, protocols, and control of wireless manipulators. Several mobile communication technology applications in different fields are dramatically revolutionized to deliver more value at less cost. Multiple-access Edge Computing (MEC) offers excellent advantages for Beyond 5G (B5G) and Sixth-Generation (6G) networks, reducing latency and bandwidth usage while increasing the capability of the edge to deliver multiple services to end users in real time. We propose a Cluster-based Multi-User Multi-Server (CMUMS) caching algorithm to optimize the MEC content caching mechanism and control the distribution of high-popular tasks. As part of our work, we address the problem of integer optimization of the content that will be cached and the list of hosting servers. Therefore, a higher direct hit rate will be achieved, a lower indirect hit rate will be achieved, and the overall time delay will be reduced. As a result of the implementation of this system model, maximum utilization of resources and development of a completely new level of services and innovative approaches will be possible.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MEC 6G network innovation solution empowers 6G mobile network capabilities by consolidating compute, database, storage, and other cloud services closer to the edge of the network at the speed of 6G [ 7 , 8 ]. It enables low-latency communication for gaming, real-time collaboration, and hosting other emerging services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster-Based Multi-User Multi-Server Caching Mechanism in Beyond 5G/6G MEC

Samir

El‐Hennawy

El-Badawy

2023

Sensors

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“…The essential parameters of mMIMO antennas can be considered as frequency bands, gain, isolation, radiation pattern, polarization, and beamwidth. One possible way to increase throughput and data transfer rates in current and future generations of mobile and wireless devices is to extend the bandwidth, as a higher bandwidth provides a higher data rate [ 24 ].…”

Section: 5g Massive Mimo At Sub-6 Ghzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Challenges and Developments for 5G Massive MIMO Antenna Systems at Sub 6-GHz Band: A Review

et al. 2023

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Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) is a wireless access technique that has been studied and investigated in response to the worldwide bandwidth demand in the wireless communication sector (MIMO). Massive MIMO, which brings together antennas at the transmitter and receiver to deliver excellent spectral and energy efficiency with comparatively simple processing, is one of the main enabling technologies for the upcoming generation of networks. To actualize diverse applications of the intelligent sensing system, it is essential for the successful deployment of 5G—and beyond—networks to gain a better understanding of the massive MIMO system and address its underlying problems. The recent huge MIMO systems are highlighted in this paper’s thorough analysis of the essential enabling technologies needed for sub-6 GHz 5G networks. This article covers most of the critical issues with mMIMO antenna systems including pilot realized gain, isolation, ECC, efficiency, and bandwidth. In this study, two types of massive 5G MIMO antennas are presented. These types are used depending on the applications at sub-6 GHz bands. The first type of massive MIMO antennas is designed for base station applications, whereas the most recent structures of 5G base station antennas that support massive MIMO are introduced. The second type is constructed for smartphone applications, where several compact antennas designed in literature that can support massive MIMO technology are studied and summarized. As a result, mMIMO antennas are considered as good candidates for 5G systems.

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“…This section introduces potential application scenarios for radio physical layer key generation technology in 6G proximity communication by analyzing various aspects such as network features, Business characteristics and security requirements.. In terms of network features, Sub-6 GHz and mmWave will become the main frequency band in B5G/6G [15]. The wavelength of this kind of medium and high frequency band is smaller, and the multipath effect is obvious in the process of radio propagation.…”

Section: Potential Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on application of radio physical layer key generation technology to proximity communication in 6G

Bai

2022

International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Security (ICSPCS 2022)

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Based on the characteristic in time, frequency and spatial domain, radio physical layer can provide powerful basic support for constructing new radio communication security mechanism. How to integrate the radio layer security concept with the traditional radio communication security mechanism is one of the most important studies during 6G technology research. This paper focuses on the proximity based services (ProSe) that show the characteristics of radio communication in 6G, analyzes the potential security enhancement space of the current 3GPP 5G ProSe standardization scheme, and proposes a proximity radio communication security enhancement mechanism based on radio physical layer key generation technology. The mechanism uses the uniqueness of the radio channel characteristics of both sides of the communication as a shared physical layer private information source, constructs a PC5 interface security model across the physical layer and the ProSe protocol layer, and enhances the security protection of discovery messages and signaling messages on PC5 interface in proximity communication. The mechanism can effectively enhance the radio communication security when the traditional security mechanism is not fully activated. Finally, potential application scenarios for radio physical layer key generation techniques in 6G proximity communication services are discussed.

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Evolution of Wireless Communication to 6G: Potential Applications and Research Directions

Cited by 37 publications

References 84 publications

Cluster-Based Multi-User Multi-Server Caching Mechanism in Beyond 5G/6G MEC

Cluster-Based Multi-User Multi-Server Caching Mechanism in Beyond 5G/6G MEC

Design, Challenges and Developments for 5G Massive MIMO Antenna Systems at Sub 6-GHz Band: A Review

Research on application of radio physical layer key generation technology to proximity communication in 6G

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