Evidence for microbial local adaptation in nature

Kraemer, Susanne A.; Boynton, Primrose J.

doi:10.1111/mec.13958

Cited by 57 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Plant diseases result from interactions between the environment, plants and pathogens (the disease triangle framework; Scholthof, 2007). However, in studies on the host adaptation of pathogens, the local host of origin is assumed to be the main habitat, and the local adaptation term refers here to adaptation to a local host (Croll & McDonald, 2017;Kaltz & Shykoff, 1998;Kawecki & Ebert, 2004;Kraemer & Boynton, 2017). In this context, genotype × environment interactions correspond to specific host-pathogen interactions (equivalent to genotype × genotype interactions between pathogens and varieties, Lambrechts, Fellous, & Koella, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of local adaptation to quantitative host resistance in a major pathogen of a perennial crop

Dumartinet

Abadie

Bonnot

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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Understanding the mechanisms involved in pathogen adaptation to quantitative resistance in plants has a key role to play in establishing durable strategies for resistance deployment, especially in perennial crops. The erosion of quantitative resistance has been recently suspected in Cuba and the Dominican Republic for a major fungal pathogen of such a crop: Pseudocercospora fijiensis, causing black leaf streak disease on banana. This study set out to test whether such erosion has resulted from an adaptation of P. fijiensis populations, and to determine whether or not the adaptation is local. Almost 600 P. fijiensis isolates from Cuba and the Dominican Republic were sampled using a paired‐population sampling design on resistant and susceptible banana varieties. A low genetic structure of the P. fijiensis populations was detected in each country using 16 microsatellite markers. Cross‐inoculation experiments using isolates from susceptible and resistant cultivars were carried out, measuring a quantitative trait (the diseased leaf area) related to pathogen fitness on three varieties. A further analysis based on those data suggested the existence of a local pattern of adaptation to resistant cultivars in both of the study countries, due to the existence of specific (or genotype by genotype) host–pathogen interactions. However, neither cost nor benefit effects for adapted populations were found on the widely used “Cavendish” banana group. These results highlight the need to study specific host–pathogen interactions and pathogen adaptation on a wide range of quantitative resistance phenotypes in banana, in order to develop durable strategies for resistance deployment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of local adaptation to quantitative host resistance in a major pathogen of a perennial crop

Dumartinet

Abadie

Bonnot

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Mitchell & Lampert, 2000). These patterns plays an important role in the case of microorganisms impacting ecosystems, human health, and food security (Fisher et al, 2012) as local adaptation to temperature conditions governs their geographic distribution, phenology, and abundance (Kraemer & Boynton, 2017). This results in impacting the expansion ranges of plant pathogens (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of thermal adaptation in a worldwide plant pathogen: local diversity and plasticity reveal two-tier dynamics

Boixel

Chelle

Suffert

2019

Preprint

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 Plant pathogen populations inhabit patchy environments with contrasting, variable thermal conditions. We investigated the diversity of thermal responses in populations sampled over contrasting spatiotemporal scales, to improve our understanding of their dynamics of adaptation to local conditions.  Samples of natural populations of the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici were collected from sites within the Euro-Mediterranean region subject to a broad range of environmental conditions. We tested for local adaptation, by accounting for the diversity of responses at the individual and population levels on the basis of key thermal performance curve parameters and 'thermotype' (groups of individuals with similar thermal responses) composition. The characterisation of phenotypic responses and genotypic structure revealed: (i) a high degree of individual plasticity and variation in sensitivity to temperature conditions across spatiotemporal scales and populations; (ii) geographic adaptation to local mean temperature conditions, with major alterations due to seasonal patterns over the wheatgrowing season. The seasonal shifts in functional composition suggest that populations are locally structured by selection, contributing to shape adaptation patterns. Further studies combining selection experiments and modelling are required to determine how functional group selection drives population dynamics and adaptive potential in response to thermal heterogeneity.

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“…Such spatial structure may reflect neutral or stochastic processes (including dispersal limitation), and/or differential selection imposed by environmental factors (2), including association with eukaryotic hosts. For instance, local adaptation to specific host species or genotypes can drive substantial divergence across bacteria (3), perhaps best exemplified in plant pathogens (4). Association with specific hosts can thus have large impacts on bacterial genomes (5), as well as functional traits such as those reflecting generalist vs. specialist life histories (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic diversity of Methylobacterium associated with rice landraces in Northeast India

Sanjenbam

Buddidathi

Venkatesan

et al. 2019

Preprint

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14The ecology and distribution of many bacteria is strongly associated with specific eukaryotic hosts. 15However, the impact of such host association on bacterial ecology and evolution is not well understood. 16Bacteria from the genus Methylobacterium consume plant-derived methanol, and are some of the most 17 abundant and widespread plant-associated bacteria. In addition, many of these species impact plant 18 fitness. To determine the ecology and distribution of Methylobacterium in nature, we sampled bacteria 19 from 36 distinct rice landraces, traditionally grown in geographically isolated locations in North-East 20(NE) India. These landraces have been selected for diverse phenotypic traits by local communities, and 21we expected that the divergent selection on hosts may have also generated divergence in associated 22Methylobacterium strains. We determined the ability of 91 distinct rice-associated Methylobacterium 23isolates to use a panel of carbon sources, finding substantial variability in carbon use profiles. Consistent 24 with our expectation, across spatial scales this phenotypic variation was largely explained by host 25 landrace identity rather than geographical factors or bacterial taxonomy. However, variation in carbon 26utilisation was not correlated with sugar exudates on leaf surfaces, suggesting that bacterial carbon use 27 profiles do not directly determine bacterial colonization across landraces. Finally, experiments showed 28 that at least some rice landraces gain an early growth advantage from their specific phyllosphere-29colonizing Methylobacterium strains. Together, our results suggest that landrace-specific host-30 microbial relationships may contribute to spatial structure in rice-associated Methylobacterium in a 31 natural ecosystem. In turn, association with specific bacteria may provide new ways to preserve and 32understand diversity in one of the most important food crops of the world . 33 34 35 Keywords 36 Phyllosphere, phenotypic diversity, Methylobacterium, rice landraces, host-microbial association 37 48context to understand the diversity and distribution of bacteria, because it generates unique selection 49pressures compared to abiotic environmental factors. Additionally, strong structure in host populations 50themselves (e.g. due to limited dispersal or local adaptation to environmental conditions) may further 51 enhance population structure in their bacterial associates. 52 53Plant-associated bacteria -especially those occupying aerial niches (the "phyllosphere") -thus 54represent attractive systems to understand the processes and selection pressures that shape natural 55 microbial populations. The phyllosphere is estimated to harbour nearly 10 7 bacterial cells/cm 2 of leaf 56 surface, with both biotic and abiotic factors influencing bacterial communities (reviewed in (6,7). For 57 instance, leaf exudates may include antimicrobials as well as nutrients; and colonization of leaf surfaces 58 exposes bacteria to UV radiation and desiccation. These factors may impose selection...

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Evidence for microbial local adaptation in nature

Cited by 57 publications

References 179 publications

Pattern of local adaptation to quantitative host resistance in a major pathogen of a perennial crop

Pattern of local adaptation to quantitative host resistance in a major pathogen of a perennial crop

Patterns of thermal adaptation in a worldwide plant pathogen: local diversity and plasticity reveal two-tier dynamics

Phenotypic diversity of Methylobacterium associated with rice landraces in Northeast India

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