Evidence for an earthquake barrier model from Mw∼7.8 Kokoxili (Tibet) earthquake slip-distribution

Klinger, Yann; Michel, R.; King, Geoffrey

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.12.003

Cited by 124 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Each measured point on the profiles in Fig. 4 results from the stack of 51 cross-strike profiles (according to the method proposed by Klinger et al (2006) and Avouac et al (2006) and implemented in Leprince et al (2007)), providing an approximation of the offsets every 1 km. The plot in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The M w 7.9, 12 May 2008 Sichuan earthquake rupture measured by sub-pixel correlation of ALOS PALSAR amplitude images

Michele¹,

Raucoules²,

Lasserre

et al. 2010

Earth Planet Sp

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PALSAR L-band spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) amplitude images are used to map the Sichuan earthquake rupture (China, M w 7.9, 12 May 2008) and to identify the faults activated by the earthquake. A sub-pixel correlation method is used to retrieve the coseismic displacement field projected into the line of sight of the satellite and the horizontal along-track direction, and to map the surface rupture. The earthquake broke ∼270 km of the Beichuan fault and ∼70 km of the Guanxian fault, with a complex thrust-dextral slip mechanism. Along the southwestern part of the rupture, slip seems to be partitioned into a dextral-dominant component on the Beichuan fault and a thrust-dominant component on the Guanxian fault. Dextral slip may also be dominant at the northeastern tip of the Beichuan ruptured fault. Coseismic surface displacements reach on average 3 to 4 m in both measured directions. The SAR rupture mapping has proven complementary to field studies extending the zone of co-seismic displacements and identifying other possible co-seismic rupture strands.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The M w 7.9, 12 May 2008 Sichuan earthquake rupture measured by sub-pixel correlation of ALOS PALSAR amplitude images

Michele¹,

Raucoules²,

Lasserre

et al. 2010

Earth Planet Sp

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“…The obliquity of the rupture suggests that the slip on this fault should have been largely dextral. Fault segmentation of this sort has been mapped in previous events (e.g., Spotila and Sieh, 1995;Haeussler et al, 2004;Klinger et al, 2006;Klinger, 2010). Wesnousky (2006) observed that the maximum dimension of fault steps across which strike-slip earthquakes rupture is about 4 km; this limit was upheld by Elliott et al (2009).…”

Section: Character Of the Wenchuan Rupturementioning

confidence: 97%

Structural Setting of the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake

Hubbard

Shaw

Klinger

2010

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

167

174

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International audienceThe 2008 M w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake ruptured an imbricate thrust system in the Longmen Shan range, which forms the eastern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau. We use seismic reflection data and surface geology to construct geologic cross sections and a three-dimensional (3D) fault model in the range front. The rupture was complex, with slip on both the steeply dipping Beichuan fault and the more shallowly dipping Pengguan fault, which appear to merge at depth. In contrast, only the Beichuan fault ruptured in the north, with the transition near a lateral fault offset. Thus, the earthquake involved multiple thrust splays and breached a significant segment boundary. To investigate the tectonic setting of the earthquake, we extend our previous measurements of crustal shortening (Hubbard and Shaw, 2009) into the interior of the range and show that shortening correlates with topography. This suggests that upper-crustal shortening can produce the high topography of the Longmen Shan without calling on other uplift mechanisms. Based on this understanding, we model the thrust belt as a critical taper wedge, to assess what rock and fault strengths are required to explain the topographic slopes within the range front and basin. The low taper within the basin is consistent with a weak detachment (δ f ≈ 0:1), while a slightly stronger (δ f ≈ 0:3–0:4) detachment is necessary to explain the higher taper of the range front. This difference may relate to the localization of the detachment within a Triassic evaporite sequence within the basin, while the faults beneath the range front are rooted in Precambrian metasedimentary or igneous rocks. Critical taper theory implies that shortening in the range front where the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake occurred is many times greater than in the basin, consistent with our shortening measurements. We examine the implications of these findings for seismic hazard assessment in the region and in other active mountain belts around the world

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“…Optical-image correlation has proven to be effi cient in mapping fault ruptures and in measuring both the faultparallel and fault-perpendicular components of coseismic displacements [Avouac et al, 2006]. Several studies indicate success in correlating images from the same sensor and with nearly equal incidence views [e.g., Van Puymbroeck et al, 2000;Dominguez et al, 2003;Klinger et al, 2006]. COSI-Corr now allows the processing of images acquired by different systems and with different incidence views, considerably broadening the technique's potential.…”

Section: Coseismic Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Earth Surface Dynamics With Optical Imagery

Leprince¹,

Berthier²,

Ayoub³

et al. 2008

EoS Transactions

115

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The increasing availability of high‐quality optical satellite images should allow, in principle, continuous monitoring of Earth's surface changes due to geologic processes, climate change, or anthropic activity. For instance, sequential optical images have been used to measure displacements at Earth's surface due to coseismic ground deformation [e.g., Van Puymbroeck et al., 2000], ice flow [Scambos et al., 1992; Berthier et al., 2005], sand dune migration [Crippen, 1992], and landslides [Kääb, 2002; Delacourt et al., 2004]. Surface changes related to agriculture, deforestation, urbanization, and erosion—which do not involve ground displacement—might also be monitored, provided that the images can be registered with sufficient accuracy. Although the approach is simple in principle, its use is still limited, mainly because of geometric distortion of the images induced by the imaging system, biased correlation techniques, and implementation difficulties.

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Evidence for an earthquake barrier model from Mw∼7.8 Kokoxili (Tibet) earthquake slip-distribution

Cited by 124 publications

References 32 publications

The M w 7.9, 12 May 2008 Sichuan earthquake rupture measured by sub-pixel correlation of ALOS PALSAR amplitude images

The M w 7.9, 12 May 2008 Sichuan earthquake rupture measured by sub-pixel correlation of ALOS PALSAR amplitude images

Structural Setting of the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake

Monitoring Earth Surface Dynamics With Optical Imagery

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