Evasion before invasion: Pre-cancer immunosurveillance

Angelova, Mihaela; Mascaux, Céline; Galon, Jérôme

doi:10.1080/2162402x.2021.1912250

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In a similar manner to CD4+ T cells, tumors with high levels of PD-L1 were found to be linked to distant metastases. Experiments have shown that PD-L1 promotes the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells 43 , 44 , and lung cancer cells 45 , and its upregulation occurs early on in precancerous tissues of lung squamous cell carcinoma 46 . Numerous studies have demonstrated that PD-L1 is significantly associated with advanced tumor stages, as well as lymph node and distant metastases in various types of cancers 47 including NSCLC 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer

Tang

Fan²,

Bao³

et al. 2023

OncoImmunology

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The evolution of immune profile from primary tumors to distant and local metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the impact of the immune background of primary tumors on metastatic potential, remains unclear. To address this, we performed whole-exome sequencing and immunohistochemistry for 73 paired primary and metastatic tumor samples from 41 NSCLC patients, and analyzed the change of immune profile from primary tumors to metastases and involved genetic factors. We found that distant metastases tended to have a decreased CD8+ T cell level along with an increased chromosomal instability (CIN) compared with primary tumors, which was partially ascribed to acquired DNA damage repair (DDR) deficiency. Distant metastases were characterized by immunosuppression (low CD8+ T cell level) and immune evasion (high PD-L1 level) whereas local metastases (pleura) were immune-competent with high CD8+ T cell, low CD4+ T cell and low PD-L1 level. Primary tumors with high levels of CD4+ T cells were associated with distant metastases rather than local metastases. Analysis of TCGA data and a single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset revealed a decreasing trend of major immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, and an increasing trend of CD4 T helper cells (Th2 and Th1) in primary tumors with metastases from local to distant sites. Our study indicates that there are differences in the immune evolution between distant and local metastases, and that acquired DDR deficiency contributes to the immunosuppression in distant metastases of NSCLC. Moreover, the immune background of primary tumors may affect their metastatic potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer

Tang

Fan²,

Bao³

et al. 2023

OncoImmunology

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“…DCs remain immature when pathophysiological stimuli are absent, and are crucial to immune surveillance ( 30 , 31 ). Immature DCs (iDCs) are indispensable for maintaining tolerance to peripheral autoantigens ( 32 ).…”

Section: Dcs In Anti-tumor Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic cell vaccine of gliomas: challenges from bench to bed

Zheng,

Ma,

Feng

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Gliomas account for the majority of brain malignant tumors. As the most malignant subtype of glioma, glioblastoma (GBM) is barely effectively treated by traditional therapies (surgery combined with radiochemotherapy), resulting in poor prognosis. Meanwhile, due to its “cold tumor” phenotype, GBM fails to respond to multiple immunotherapies. As its capacity to prime T cell response, dendritic cells (DCs) are essential to anti-tumor immunity. In recent years, as a therapeutic method, dendritic cell vaccine (DCV) has been immensely developed. However, there have long been obstacles that limit the use of DCV yet to be tackled. As is shown in the following review, the role of DCs in anti-tumor immunity and the inhibitory effects of tumor microenvironment (TME) on DCs are described, the previous clinical trials of DCV in the treatment of GBM are summarized, and the challenges and possible development directions of DCV are analyzed.

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“…Cancer immunosurveillance is an important process for the immune system to monitor, recognize, and destroy tumor cells, including elimination, balance, and escape ( 170 – 172 ). In the first stage, innate immune cells kill cancer cells through tumor cell recognition and proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Circrnas Regulate the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism underlying circRNA dysregulation in the TME of digestive system cancer

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new series of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have been reported to be expressed in eukaryotic cells and have a variety of biological functions in the regulation of cancer pathogenesis and progression. The TME, as a microscopic ecological environment, consists of a variety of cells, including tumor cells, immune cells and other normal cells, ECM and a large number of signaling molecules. The crosstalk between circRNAs and the TME plays a complicated role in affecting the malignant behaviors of digestive system cancers. Herein, we summarize the mechanisms underlying aberrant circRNA expression in the TME of the digestive system cancers, including immune surveillance, angiogenesis, EMT, and ECM remodelling. The regulation of the TME by circRNA is expected to be a new therapeutic method.

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Evasion before invasion: Pre-cancer immunosurveillance

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer

Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer

Dendritic cell vaccine of gliomas: challenges from bench to bed

Mechanism underlying circRNA dysregulation in the TME of digestive system cancer

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