Evaluation of traps and attractants for mass trapping of African Invader Fly, <i>Bactrocera invadens</i> on mango in south west Nigeria

Abstract

Mass trapping has demonstrated to be a powerful tool in the control of fruit flies, its use in African countries has currently increased remarkably as a control method. This study evaluated the efficacy of two traps; Lynfield Trap (LT) and Modified Lynfield Trap(MLT) and two lures (Methyl Eugenol (ME) and Protein Bait from Brewery Waste (PBBW)) for mass trapping of Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta, & White (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mango during 2014 and 2015 fruiting seasons. Traps containing attractants were randomly set on mango homestead trees in three replicates at three selected locations in Ibadan Southwest Nigeria. Results showed no significant difference (p > 0.01) between the trap types baited with ME attractant, although the MLT recorded higher catches of B. invadens during the two seasons. Methyl eugenol was significantly (p < 0.01) more effective than hydrolyzed protein bait from brewery waste in mass trapping B. invadens in the three locations of study. However, ME trapped only male B invadens while PBBW trapped both male and female. B. invadens population was highest at the peak of mango ripening (June) and the density of flies trapped in 2015 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 2014 in all the locations. Suitable choice of traps, lures and season enhances the mass trapping results. The use of Protein bait from brewery waste and modified lynfield trap for monitoring B. invadens and population suppression is promising and should be encouraged since they attract both sexes and less cost effective.

Comparative efficacy of two fruit juice products as attractants for trapping oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…Orange juice bait outperformed pineapple juice in terms of attractiveness to B. dorsalis at both sites for the two years. This result supports the report by Ugwu et al (2018) that orange juice was more effective than pineapple juice in trapping B. dorsalis. Food base attractants have been used extensively in the management program of fruit flies of Tephritidae family (Epsky et al 2014) The population of B.dorslis trapped floctuated with time during the study period.…”

“…The pineapple and orange baits were prepared by peeling 1kg of each the ripe fruit and blending them into a smooth slurry paste using an electric kitchen blender. The juices were extracted separately with 1litre of water and sieved with muslin cloths to obtain a homogenous solution as described by Ugwu et al (2018).…”

Important alien and potential native invasive insect pests of key fruit trees in Sub-Saharan Africa: advances in sustainable pre- and post-harvest management approaches

“…The baiting technique has been used together with other techniques in area-wide management of fruit flies such as B. dorsalis and B. zonata (Seewooruthun et al, 1998;Sookar et al 2006). In Africa, most demonstrations of bait application have not been at area-wide control but experimentation stage in orchards (Ekesi et al 2014;Ugwu et al 2018;Umeh and Onukwu 2011;Vayssieres et al 2009). However, the use of the technique is widespread in SSA, for example in citrus orchards in South Africa where the M3 Fruit Fly Bait Station ™ has been widely tested in a farmer participatory approach (Eltazi et al 2008;Manrakhan et al 2010;Manrakhan and Daneel 2013;Manrakhan and Kotze 2011;Ware et al 2003).…”

Attraction of <<I>Callosobruchus maculates</I> fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to pods of cowpea plants at different developmental stages

“…Also, the use of methyl eugenol and protein-bait from brewery waste on modified lynfield trap were effective in mass-trapping Bactrocera invadens D.T.W. (Ugwu et al, 2018). Most plant volatiles are sulphuric compounds, terpenoids, fatty acid derivatives and nitrogencontaining compounds (Pare and Tumlinson, 1999), and are mainly lipophilic products with molecular masses less than 300.…”