Evaluation of Total Phenolic Content, HPLC Analysis, and Antioxidant Potential of Three Local Varieties of Mushroom: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Functional foods such as mushrooms are rich in polyphenolic compounds and secondary metabolites with health-promoting properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and immunostimulatory effects. The present study is aimed to investigate the ethanolic extracts of three varieties of mushrooms, namely, G. lucidum, G. tropicum, and C. indica grown in Bangladesh for phenolic and flavonoid content and their antioxidant properties. Moreover, the phenolic composition of the extracts was analyzed by using the HPLC-DAD system. G. lucidum extract exhibited the highest antioxidant potential as evidenced by its lowest IC50 value in all the tested assay models ( 40.44 ± 2.09 μg/mL, 151.32 ± 0.35 μg/mL, 137.89 ± 1.85 μg/mL in DPPH, H2O2, and NO scavenging assay, respectively) along with the highest phenolic content ( 81.34 ± 0.68 GAE g-1 extract). G. tropicum and C. indica extracts also showed significant antioxidant properties and a good amount of phenolic content, 52.16 ± 0.25 GAE g-1 extract, and 47.1 ± 0.26 GAE g-1 extract, respectively. The scavenging activity increased with the increasing concentration of extracts in all cases. The total phenolic content of the ethanolic extracts of mushroom species was highly correlated with antioxidant effects with Pearson’s correlation coefficient ( r ) values ranging from 0.8883–0.9851. The α-amylase inhibitory and antibacterial activity of G. lucidum was evaluated by using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and disc diffusion method, respectively. The maximum inhibitory activity recorded against α-amylase was 70.98 ± 0.042 % at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. G. lucidum extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 23.00 ± 1.00 mm clear zone of inhibition and an MIC value of 3.5 mg/mL. The results indicate that the mushroom species tested in this study could serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants in the development of nutraceuticals and herbal drugs for the management of oxidative stress-associated diseases as well as infectious diseases.

Profiling of secondary metabolite and evaluation of anti-diabetic potency of Crotalaria quinquefolia (L): In-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico approaches

“…The following formula was used to calculate the DPPH scavenging potential: Scavenging (%) = [1- (A Sample/standard /A control ] × 100. This information was used to compute the IC 50 value and contrast it to ascorbic acid ( Bristy et al, 2022 ).…”

Amelioration of CCl4-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity by Ganoderma lucidum in Long Evans rats

“…Dried G. lucidum powder was obtained from whole G. lucidum (Figure S3) as described previously 10 and extracted with ethanol. Extraction was carried out approximately for seven days, accompanied by occasional shaking and stirring.…”

“…Mushrooms are also rich in phenolics and flavonoids which contribute towards the antioxidant effects together with other health benefits 12 , 13 . Investigation of antioxidant activity through multiple in vitro models have demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activities of G. lucidum extracts 10 which could help in improving oxidative stress-associated diseases such as diabetes, degenerative disorders, stroke and liver diseases. Against this background, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of G. lucidum extract in ameliorating carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and associated oxidative stress in Long Evans rats.…”

Storage Quality Variation of Mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes) after Cold Plasma Treatment

“…The total phenolic content was tested according to the method of Bristy [ 19 ]. In brief, chopped F. velutipes (2.0 g) was added to a 1% ( v / v ) HCl−methanol solution and ground into a homogenate in an ice bath.…”