Evaluation of the supervisory system in elderly subjects with and without disinhibition

Gokalsing, Erick; Robert, P; Lafont, V.; Medecin, I.; Baudu, C.; Boyer, Patrice; Pringuey, D.; Darcourt, G

doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(00)00511-3

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Although this hypothesis and the underlying construct validity of inhibition in older adults are still issues of debate [44, 45], our results suggest that at least the ability to inhibit mental routines worsens in older adults, unless its deterioration is actively counteracted by designed, physical-cognitive DT training. This finding extends and further specifies the notion that physical activity training has the potential to induce cognitive plasticity in older adulthood [11], thus preserving the efficiency of supervisory brain systems in which inhibition is involved [46]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Falbo

Condello

Capranica

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

116

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Physical and cognitive training seem to counteract age-related decline in physical and mental function. Recently, the possibility of integrating cognitive demands into physical training has attracted attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of twelve weeks of designed physical-cognitive training on executive cognitive function and gait performance in older adults. Thirty-six healthy, active individuals aged 72.30 ± 5.84 years were assigned to two types of physical training with major focus on physical single task (ST) training (n = 16) and physical-cognitive dual task (DT) training (n = 20), respectively. They were tested before and after the intervention for executive function (inhibition, working memory) through Random Number Generation and for gait (walking with/without negotiating hurdles) under both single and dual task (ST, DT) conditions. Gait performance improved in both groups, while inhibitory performance decreased after exercise training with ST focus but tended to increase after training with physical-cognitive DT focus. Changes in inhibition performance were correlated with changes in DT walking performance with group differences as a function of motor task complexity (with/without hurdling). The study supports the effectiveness of group exercise classes for older individuals to improve gait performance, with physical-cognitive DT training selectively counteracting the age-related decline in a core executive function essential for daily living.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Falbo

Condello

Capranica

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

116

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“…In particular, inhibition may play a key role in suppressing dysfunctional co-movements during coordinated locomotor actions [ 14 ]. Furthermore, at an older age, inhibition is related to the efficiency of the “supervisory attention system” that modulates attentional allocation to different tasks as in dual-task conditions [ 46 ]. Our results add to this evidence, suggesting that, to experience mental well-being, older individuals need efficient inhibition and, capitalizing on it, good ability to deal with critical dual tasks common to social activities such as talking while walking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Quality of Life Perception in Older Adults: The Joint Role of Cognitive Efficiency and Functional Mobility

Forte

Boreham

Vito

et al. 2015

IJERPH

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Cognitive and mobility functions are involved in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present cross-sectional study aimed at investigating what facets of efficient cognition and functional mobility interactively contribute to mental and physical HRQoL. Fifty-six healthy older individuals (aged 65–75 years) were evaluated for mental and physical HRQoL, core cognitive executive functions (inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility), and functional mobility (walking) under single and dual task conditions. Multiple regression analyses were run to verify which core executive functions predicted mental and physical HRQoL and whether the ability to perform complex (dual) walking tasks moderated such association. Inhibitory efficiency and the ability to perform physical-mental dual tasks interactively predicted mental HRQoL, whereas cognitive flexibility and the ability to perform physical dual tasks interactively predicted physical HRQoL. Different core executive functions seem relevant for mental and physical HRQoL. Executive function efficiency seems to translate into HRQoL perception when coupled with tangible experience of the ability to walk under dual task conditions that mirror everyday life demands. Implications of these results for supporting the perception of mental and physical quality of life at advanced age are discussed, suggesting the usefulness of multicomponent interventions and environments conducive to walking that jointly aid successful cognitive aging and functional mobility.

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“…These findings support that dual-task training has the potential to induce cognitive plasticity in older adulthood, thus preserving the efficiency of supervisory brain areas in which inhibitory control is involved and then enhancing the execution of dualtask or multitask. 37,38 Apart from inhibitory control, TMT-A and TMT-B were used to assess the information processing speed and shifting, respectively, in the current study. Participants in the experimental group had significant improvements in both information processing speed and shifting.…”

Section: Effects Of Exergame In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exergame-Based Dual-Task Training on Executive Function and Dual-Task Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

Wang

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Games for Health Journal

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Objective: Aging is associated with decline in executive function that may lead to reduced dual-task performance. Regular exercise has been recommended for promoting or maintaining mental and physical health in older adults, yet only a fraction of older adults exercise regularly. Exergame training may have the potential to enhance exercise adherence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of exergame-based dual-task training on executive function and dual-task performance in community-dwelling older adults. Materials and Methods: This was a single-blinded, randomized-controlled trial. Twenty community-dwelling older adults were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups. All participants completed 36 trainings, including three 60-minute sessions/week over 12 weeks. Participants in the experimental group received exergame-based dual-task training, while those in the control group received home-based multicomponent exercise training. Measures of executive function, dual-task performance, and community walking ability were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Significant group • time interactions (P = 0.000-0.027) with large effects were found in all selected outcome measures. Compared with the control group, the experimental group improved significantly in measures of general executive function (P = 0.014), inhibitory control (P = 0.037), cognitive dual-task performance (P < 0.001), and community walking ability (P = 0.002). Enhanced general executive function was highly correlated with either improved motor dual-task performance (r = 0.674) or improved cognitive dual-task performance (r = -0.701). Conclusion: These results suggested that exergame-based dual-task training improved both executive function and dual-task performance in older people. These positive effects could be transferred to enhance community walking ability. Clinical Trial Registration number: ACTRN 12617000095369.

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Evaluation of the supervisory system in elderly subjects with and without disinhibition

Cited by 13 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Health and Quality of Life Perception in Older Adults: The Joint Role of Cognitive Efficiency and Functional Mobility

Effects of Exergame-Based Dual-Task Training on Executive Function and Dual-Task Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

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