Evaluation of the Impact of Partnership Program on the Technical and Economic Efficiency of Irrigation Water Use for Moroccan Citrus Farms

Abstract

A public-private partnership (PPP) in irrigated area is a mode of collaboration and governance that allows the Moroccan Government to entrust the design, financing, construction, operation and maintenance of irrigation equipment to a private enterprise. In this research, we want to estimate technical efficiency of farms, the technical and economic efficiency of irrigation water use, analyzing the determinants of each of these aspects. The sampling was undertaken using the propensity score matching. The estimation of the farms' technical efficiency was carried out using FRONTIER 4.1 software and a stochastic parametric method with the functional form Translog. The transition from an output orientation to an input orientation in order to estimate the technical and economic efficiency scores of the irrigation water was carried out through the use of the Reinhard derivative. The determinants of these aspects were analyzed with the Gnu Regression, Econometrics and Time series Library (Gretl) software using the Tobit model. A survey was carried out among 130 citrus growers (65 pairs). The average of the technical efficiency increased from 62% in 2009 to 72% in 2016. This improvement is explained by the presence of highly qualified employed who assure the management and the technical supervision of the workers on the farms. Conversely, the analysis shows that the PPP irrigation program has had no impact on the farms' technical efficiency scores. On the basis of the results, it is appropriate to focus on several aspects in order to improve the different types of efficiencies. Indeed, the Moroccan Government must ensure the aspect of the technical supervision of farmers in the two perimeters, which will better help to control the technical conduct of citrus farms.

Analisis Efisiensi Usahatani Mawar Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah

“…Adanya pengaruh yang positif terhadap efisiensi alokatif dan ekonomi mengindikasikan bahwa pentingnya peran kelompok tani terhadap efisiensi usahatani, dimana petani akan saling bekerja bersama dan saling mendukung untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usahataninya serta memudahkan petani untuk mendapatkan informasi. Temuan dalam penelitian ini sejalan dengan hasil yang telah ditemukan oleh (Rihi, et al, 2014) dan (Maatala, et al, 2019), dimana menunjukan petani yang tergabung signifikadalam kelompok tani memiliki dampak signifikan dalam mengurangi tingkat inefisiensi atau, dengan kata lain, meningkatkan tingkat efisiensi petani.…”

“…Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa petani yang tergabung dalam kemitraan memiliki tingkat efisiensi yang lebih tinggi daripada petani yang tidak tergabung dalam kemitraan. Pada penelitian (Maatala, et al, 2019) serta (Rihi, et al, 2014) juga menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa kemitraan berperan penting dalam mengurangi inefisiensi petani dan meningkatkan efisiensi petani.…”

Inventory: The pesticides application and its risk assessment in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla-Morocco

“…According to the latest statistics, 61 phytosanitary companies are approved to exercise this activity. The number is expected to increase and reach 70 companies view several requests for approvals that have been revised according to ONSA (National Office for Sanitary Safety of Food Products) and supported by other authors (Rhalem et al 2009;Barakat et al 2016;Maatala et al 2019;El Bouzaidi et al 2020). The phytosanitary market in Morocco is diversified and attractive, where many companies are in legal competition (Fig.…”

“…At the same time, the rest is formulated based on premixes or concentrates (El Houssain et al 2019). These phytosanitary products' complexity and diversity require regular monitoring and control of water intended for recharge, especially in rural areas, where people drink wells water (Maatala et al 2019). Indeed, from all intoxication cases in Morocco in recent years, pesticides are incriminated in 5% of cases .…”