Evaluation of the Healing Potential of Myracrodruon urundeuva in Wounds Induced in Male Rats

Abstract

Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão, Anacardiaceae, is popularly known as "aroeira-do-sertão". It is a common species in the state of Ceará and widely used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, astringent, anti-allergic, and antidiarrheal activities and also in the treatment of skin wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing effect of the cream prepared with the decoction from the stem bark of a 7-year-old cultivated M. urundeuva in rats submitted to excisional wounds. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sham group, which did not received a treatment; 10% "aroeira" cream group, which received application of the plant cream; and control group, which received application of the base cream. The animals had their skin fragments (8 mm in diameter) removed, and each group was observed at 2, 7, and 12 days after surgery. The macroscopic analysis was performed with a digital paquimeter. The fragments of newly formed tissue were removed from the skin for slides processing and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and picrosirius red staining techniques, in order to verify the effect of the 10% "aroeira" cream in different stages of the healing process. Macroscopic analyses demonstrated a decrease in the area of the 10% "aroeira" cream treated wounds, compared with controls. In addition, the histological study evidenced an improvement in the inflammatory aspects (infiltrate, edema, hemorrhage), in this treated group, as well as the presence of a new epithelium and a greater intensity in collagen deposition. Thus, a favorable effect was observed regarding the use of 10% "aroeira" cream in the cicatricial process of cutaneous wounds in rats, modulating the inflammatory response of healing and accelerating tissue repair of experimental excisional skin wounds.

Wound Healing Effect of Lippia sidoides and Myracrodruon urundeuva Nanogel

“…The chemical composition of the nanogels showed the compound class, such as terpenes, chalcone, tannin, and flavonoids. [12] Literature data also showed similar compositions for M. urundeuva extract with presence of tannin, flavonoids [19,[26][27][28] and chalcones named urundeuvin A, B and C [23,25,29] and L. sidoides essential oil with thymol and carvacrol as major components. [14,[30][31][32] After 7 days of treatment, the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of wound closure dynamics showed that NAA was not able to reduce the inflammatory typical responses.…”

“…In other study, the literature data was showed that the aqueous extract 10 % of "aroeira-dosertão" applied to wounds delayed the evolution of the initial phases of the cicatricial process, possibly related to its antiinflammatory effects. [19,26,41,43] In addition, the extract promoted an improvement in the collagen deposit at 14 days, reduced the bacterial concentration at the wound site and did not affect the dynamics of the healing process.…”

“…Others compounds identified were classified such catechins, chlorogenic and cinnamic acids derivatives, hydrolysable tannins and condensed tannins. [19,[23][24][25][26][27][28]…”

“…[5][6][9][10][11] In that context, two species found in the Brazilian Northeast, Lippia sidoides Cham, popularly known as "alecrim-pimenta", and Myracrodruon urundeuva, popularly known as "aroeira-dosertão", have shown promising biological effects like antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cicatrizant. [10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] However, studies evaluating the healing effects of the association of these two species have not yet been reported. Considering the limitations in the traditional wound treatments, the possible practical application of nanotechnology in the therapeutic field, as well as the effects described for "alecrimpimenta" and "aroeira-do-sertão" plants, the goal of this work was to evaluate the effects of a nanogel loaded with the essential oil of "alecrim-pimenta" and the extract of "aroeira-dosertão" in experimental models of wound excision in rats.…”