Evaluation of the genotoxicity of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous extract

Muhammad, Hussin; Gomes-Carneiro, Maria Regina; Poça, Katia Soares da; De-Oliveira, A.C.A.X.; Afzan, Adlin; Sulaiman, Siti Amrah; Ismail, Zakiah; Paumgartten, Francisco José Roma

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.055

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…It is estimated that the world's population will be greater than 7.5 billion in the next 10-15 years, primarily in the southern hemisphere where approximately 80% of the population still relies on a traditional system of medicine based on herbal drugs for primary health care. [1][2][3] There are over 1.5 million medicinal plants that have been investigated and most of them are reported to contain toxic substances. 4 Therefore, it should be stressed that the use of any plant for medicinal purposes is not guaranteed to be safe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

Madike¹,

Takaidza²,

Ssemakalu³

et al. 2019

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Tulbaghia violacea (wild garlic) is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments including fungal infections, gastrointestinal ailments, asthma, fever, colds and pulmonary tuberculosis. We assessed the potential genotoxic effects of water extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of T. violacea using the Allium cepa assay. Extracts at concentrations of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/mL were tested on root meristems of A. cepa. Ethidium bromide was used as a positive control whereas distilled water acted as a negative control. The results reveal that as the concentrations of the water extracts of T. violacea increased, the mitotic indices decreased. Similarly, the percentage of chromosomal aberrations was dependent on the concentration as well as on which part of the plant was used. The six most common chromosome aberrations included laggard chromosomes, chromosome bridges, c-mitosis, sticky chromosomes, formation of binuclei and formation of trinuclei. The presence of micronucleated cells at interphase also increased as the concentration of the water extracts increased. The results confirm that water extracts of T. violacea exert significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations, with the stem extracts being more toxic than the leaf and root extracts at similar concentrations. Significance: • Water extracts of T. violacea – a plant commonly used in traditional medicine – were found to have significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

Madike¹,

Takaidza²,

Ssemakalu³

et al. 2019

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…It is reported that the herb has dynamic pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties [2]. The extracts of O. stamineus have been shown to be exceptionally safe with no signs of toxicity in vivo [3]. Antitumour studies have shown that solvent extract of O. stamineus leaves inhibited human colon tumour in nude mouse xenograft model [4, 5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Cat’s Whiskers Tea (Orthosiphon stamineus) Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Selective Chemotherapeutic Potential against Prostate Cancer Cells

Al‐Suede

Ahamed

Majid

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Cat's whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) leaves extracts were prepared using supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) with full factorial design to determine the optimum extraction parameters. Nine extracts were obtained by varying pressure, temperature, and time. The extracts were analysed using FTIR, UV-Vis, and GC-MS. Cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated on human (colorectal, breast, and prostate) cancer and normal fibroblast cells. Moderate pressure (31.1 MPa) and temperature (60°C) were recorded as optimum extraction conditions with high yield (1.74%) of the extract (B2) at 60 min extraction time. The optimized extract (B2) displayed selective cytotoxicity against prostate cancer (PC3) cells (IC50 28 µg/mL) and significant antioxidant activity (IC50 42.8 µg/mL). Elevated levels of caspases 3/7 and 9 in B2-treated PC3 cells suggest the induction of apoptosis through nuclear and mitochondrial pathways. Hoechst and rhodamine assays confirmed the nuclear condensation and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential in the cells. B2 also demonstrated inhibitory effects on motility and colonies of PC3 cells at its subcytotoxic concentrations. It is noteworthy that B2 displayed negligible toxicity against the normal cells. Chemometric analysis revealed high content of essential oils, hydrocarbon, fatty acids, esters, and aromatic sesquiterpenes in B2. This study highlights the therapeutic potentials of SC-CO2 extract of cat's whiskers in targeting prostate carcinoma.

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“…OS extracts also exhibited diuretic activity via increase of urine volume and electrolytes (Na þ and K þ ) excretion in hyperuricemic rats (Arafat et al, 2008;Adam et al, 2009). Moreover, aqueous and 50% ethanol extracts of OS are low toxicity (Mohamed et al, 2011b;Muhammad et al, 2011). Although many interesting results have been obtained from their potential therapeutic usefulness, no studies evaluating antinephrolithiasic mechanism of this herb have been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic effects of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. extracts on experimental induction of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats

Zhong

Ying

et al. 2012

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Evaluation of the genotoxicity of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous extract

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

Optimization of Cat’s Whiskers Tea (Orthosiphon stamineus) Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Selective Chemotherapeutic Potential against Prostate Cancer Cells

Prophylactic effects of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. extracts on experimental induction of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats

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