Evaluation of the Etest method for susceptibility testing of<i>Aspergillus</i>spp. and<i>Fusarium</i>spp. to three echinocandins

Martos, A. I.; Romero, A.; González, Miguel; González, Ana María Rivas; Serrano, Carmen; Castro, Carmen; Pemán, Javier; Cantón, Emilia; Martín-Mazuelos, Estrella

doi:10.3109/13693781003586943

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This test has been shown to correlate well with the CLSI methods in the testing of yeasts [67] and Aspergillus spp. [68], [69] against azoles and echinocandins. In the absence of established MIC breakpoints for dematiaceous fungi, we categorized the MICs obtained for our isolates arbitrarily, to indicate potential susceptibility (MIC ≤1 µg/mL) and two levels of potential resistance (>1–32 µg/mL or >1–256 µg/mL, and >32 or >256 µg/mL).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species

Yew

Chan

Lee³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Dematiaceous fungi (black fungi) are a heterogeneous group of fungi present in diverse environments worldwide. Many species in this group are known to cause allergic reactions and potentially fatal diseases in humans and animals, especially in tropical and subtropical climates. This study represents the first survey of dematiaceous fungi in Malaysia and provides observations on their diversity as well as in vitro response to antifungal drugs. Seventy-five strains isolated from various clinical specimens were identified by morphology as well as an internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based phylogenetic analysis. The combined molecular and conventional approach enabled the identification of three classes of the Ascomycota phylum and 16 genera, the most common being Cladosporium, Cochliobolus and Neoscytalidium. Several of the species identified have not been associated before with human infections. Among 8 antifungal agents tested, the azoles posaconazole (96%), voriconazole (90.7%), ketoconazole (86.7%) and itraconazole (85.3%) showed in vitro activity (MIC ≤1 µg/mL) to the largest number of strains, followed by anidulafungin (89.3%), caspofungin (74.7%) and amphotericin B (70.7%). Fluconazole appeared to be the least effective with only 10.7% of isolates showing in vitro susceptibility. Overall, almost half (45.3%) of the isolates showed reduced susceptibility (MIC >1 µg/mL) to at least one antifungal agent, and three strains (one Pyrenochaeta unguis-hominis and two Nigrospora oryzae) showed potential multidrug resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species

Yew

Chan

Lee³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…These devices yield reproducible results and are reported to be good alternatives to standard methods, which might be too cumbersome for many laboratories working with Gd [12], [27], [28], [29]. Five strains of Gd characterized in an earlier study were used in the susceptibility tests [2].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Testing and High-Throughput Screening of Compound Library against Geomyces destructans, the Etiologic Agent of Geomycosis (WNS) in Bats

Chaturvedi

Rajkumar

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

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Bats in the northeastern U.S. are affected by geomycosis caused by the fungus Geomyces destructans (Gd). This infection is commonly referred to as White Nose Syndrome (WNS). Over a million hibernating bats have died since the fungus was first discovered in 2006 in a cave near Albany, New York. A population viability analysis conducted on little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), one of six bat species infected with Gd, suggests regional extinction of this species within 20 years. The fungus Gd is a psychrophile (“cold loving”), but nothing is known about how it thrives at low temperatures and what pathogenic attributes allow it to infect bats. This study aimed to determine if currently available antifungal drugs and biocides are effective against Gd. We tested five Gd strains for their susceptibility to antifungal drugs and high-throughput screened (HTS) one representative strain with SpectrumPlus compound library containing 1,920 compounds. The results indicated that Gd is susceptible to a number of antifungal drugs at concentrations similar to the susceptibility range of human pathogenic fungi. Strains of Gd were susceptible to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole. In contrast, very high MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) of flucytosine and echinocandins were needed for growth inhibition, which were suggestive of fungal resistance to these drugs. Of the1,920 compounds in the library, a few caused 50% - to greater than 90% inhibition of Gd growth. A number of azole antifungals, a fungicide, and some biocides caused prominent growth inhibition. Our results could provide a theoretical basis for future strategies aimed at the rehabilitation of most affected bat species and for decontamination of Gd in the cave environment.

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“…115 Etests are likewise less labor intensive than BMD and are relatively simple and reproducible for the testing of antifungal agents, especially against molds. 120 Sensititre YeastOne (Trek Diagnostic Systems) is a colorimetric antifungal susceptibility testing MIC plate that exhibits high agreement with the CLSI BMD method. 121 A new disk agar diffusion method, the Neo-Sensitabs tablet diffusion assay (Rosco, Taastrump, Denmark) has also been developed and tested for antifungal testing of molds and yeasts.…”

Section: Antifungal Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Concepts in Laboratory Testing to Guide Antimicrobial Therapy

Jenkins

Schuetz

2012

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

165

133

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Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is indicated for pathogens contributing to an infectious process that warrants antimicrobial therapy if susceptibility to antimicrobials cannot be predicted reliably based on knowledge of their identity. Such tests are most frequently used when the etiologic agents are members of species capable of demonstrating resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Some organisms have predictable susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (ie, Streptococcus pyogenes to penicillin), and empirical therapy for these organisms is typically used. Therefore, AST for such pathogens is seldom required or performed. In addition, AST is valuable in evaluating the activity of new and experimental compounds and investigating the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant pathogens. Several laboratory methods are available to characterize the in vitro susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial agents. When the nature of the infection is unclear and the culture yields mixed growth or usual microbiota (wherein the isolates usually bear little relationship to the actual infectious process), AST is usually unnecessary and results may, in fact, be dangerously misleading. Phenotypic methods for detection of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms are increasingly being used to complement AST (ie, inducible clindamycin resistance among several gram-positive bacteria) and to provide clinicians with preliminary direction for antibiotic selection pending results generated from standardized AST (ie, ␤-lactamase tests). In addition, molecular methods are being developed and incorporated by microbiology laboratories into resistance detection algorithms for rapid, sensitive assessment of carriage states of epidemiologically and clinically important pathogens, often directly from clinical specimens (ie, presence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in fecal specimens).

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Evaluation of the Etest method for susceptibility testing ofAspergillusspp. andFusariumspp. to three echinocandins

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species

A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species

Antifungal Testing and High-Throughput Screening of Compound Library against Geomyces destructans, the Etiologic Agent of Geomycosis (WNS) in Bats

Current Concepts in Laboratory Testing to Guide Antimicrobial Therapy

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