Evaluation of the estrogen receptor alpha as a possible target of bifenthrin effects in the estrogenic and dopaminergic signaling pathways in zebrafish embryos

Metabolomic Profiles in the Brains of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Following Bifenthrin Treatment

“…50,55−57 Furthermore, reduced DHA affects ion channels and several neurotransmitter receptors, such as those involved in the dopaminergic pathway, 58,59 which have previously been reported to be dysregulated following bifenthrin treatment. 13,14,20,27 Adenine levels were significantly reduced in steelhead exposed to both 60 and 120 ng/L bifenthrin. Purine ribonucleoside degradation and adenine and adenosine salvage I and III were among the top predicted canonical pathways impaired in steelhead treated with bifenthrin.…”

“…DHA, also acting as the primary ligand for the activation of the retinoid X receptor (RXR), was a top canonical pathway predicted to be affected in chlorpyrifos-methyl-exposed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). − Increased RXR receptor activation may alter lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses . Decreased levels of DHA reduced the escape behavior in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), where decreased levels may be related to reduced sensory perception, stimulus transmission, and neuronal-specific responses, cognitive function, and olfactory function. ,− Furthermore, reduced DHA affects ion channels and several neurotransmitter receptors, such as those involved in the dopaminergic pathway, , which have previously been reported to be dysregulated following bifenthrin treatment. ,,, …”

“…20 The proper biosynthesis of estrogen plays an important part in regulating the hypothalamic−pituitary− gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic−pituitary−thyroid (HPT) axes and can be impaired in salmonids following exposure to ≤1.5 μg/L bifenthrin by altering the dopaminergic pathway. [13][14][15]26 Targeted metabolites, such as dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid, have been previously shown to have altered levels in embryonic and juvenile zebrafish 20,27 and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 15 following exposure to bifenthrin, which can impact predatory avoidance behavior in Chinook. 15 The use of metabolomics to assess the toxicity of environmental contaminants to aquatic organisms has increased in recent years.…”

“…Targeted metabolites, such as dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid, have been previously shown to have altered levels in embryonic and juvenile zebrafish , and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) following exposure to bifenthrin, which can impact predatory avoidance behavior in Chinook . The use of metabolomics to assess the toxicity of environmental contaminants to aquatic organisms has increased in recent years. , The objective of this study was to assess the metabolomic profile in juvenile steelhead brains to identify potential cellular targets within the brain to better understand the underlying processes that may be impaired following exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of bifenthrin found prior to and following major stormwater runoff events.…”

Transcriptomic and Histopathological Effects of Bifenthrin to the Brain of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…The primary mode of action for bifenthrin is binding to and disrupting voltage-gated Na + channels, impairing neuronal function by altering the release of neurotransmitters [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Bifenthrin is a known endocrine disruptor in fish [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], dysregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in salmonids by acting upon the dopaminergic pathway [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 31 ]. Bifenthrin is also capable of dysregulating Ca 2+ homeostasis by impairing signaling molecules, as recently reported in inland silversides ( Menidia beryllina ) and zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) following bifenthrin treatment (<10 ng/L) [ 33 , 34 ].…”