Evaluation of the efficacy of hydrated sodium aluminosilicate in the prevention of aflatoxin-induced hepatic cancer in rainbow trout

Abstract

The use of aluminum silicates for decontaminating animal feed containing aflatoxins has yielded encouraging results in chicken and turkey poults. In contrast, very few studies have tested these substances in aquaculture. In this work, we investigated the efficacy of a trout diet containing 0.5% hydrated sodium aluminosilicate (HSAS) in protecting against contamination with aflatoxin B1. Trout were reared on these diets for one year and the experimental groups were examined monthly for hepatic presumptive preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Regardless of the presence of HSAS, all of the fish that received aflatoxin in their diet have shown hepatic lesions indicative of a carcinogenic process, presenting also the development of cancer in some fish. The concentration of HSAS used in this study was ineffective in preventing the onset of hepatic lesions induced by aflatoxin B1 in rainbow trout.

Effectiveness of aluminosilicate-based products for detoxification of aflatoxin-contaminated diets for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

“…The following test products were used: Novasil Plus (HSCAS, Ca-montmorillonite, 62.4-73.5% SiO 2 , 14.8-18.2% Al 2 O 3 , 3.2-4.8% CaO, 4.0-4.5% MgO, 5.4-6.5% Fe 2 O 3 , 0.5-0.9% K 2 O, 0.1-0.3% Na 2 O, 0.01-0.03% MnO), Zeolex Extra (chemically activated organoaluminosilicate, 57-64% SiO 2 , 10-17% Al 2 O 3 , 3.3-4.9% CaO, 0.3-1.8% MgO, 0.6-1.4% Fe 2 O 3 , 1.8-2.8% K 2 O, 1.6-2.9% Na 2 O), Mycofix Select (diatomaceous earth 30%, kaolinite 50%, phytophytic substances 10%, herbal extracts 10%), and Fixat (bentonite-montmorillonite, 50-65% SiO 2 , 15-25% Al 2 O 3 , 3-6% CaO, 3-6% MgO, 3-6% una reducción notable del consumo de alimento, disminución de crecimiento, supresión del sistema inmunológico y lesiones hepáticas en truchas arcoiris (Arana et al 2011), carpas (Mohapatra et al 2011), tilapias (Shehata et al 2009), bagres (Dӧll et al 2010) y camarones (Boonyaratpalin et al 2001, Soonngam y Hutacharoen 2007, Gopinath y Raj 2009, TapiaSalazar et al 2012) alimentados con dietas contaminadas con aflatoxinas. Existen varios productos de desintoxicación comerciales para inactivar las micotoxinas en los alimentos para animales y su efecto desintoxicante consiste en la adsorción física, unión y secuestro de sustancias tóxicas (Kolossova et al 2009), que después son eliminadas junto con el desintoxicante.…”

“…For rainbow trout, a few studies have shown that the supplementation of sodium aluminosilicates and bentonites to aflatoxin-contaminated diets reduces intestinal aflatoxin absorption (Ellis et al 2000, Hassan et al 2010; nevertheless, other studies have shown that the addition of aluminosilicates to aflatoxin-contaminated diets for catfish and rainbow trout did not ameliorate their toxic effect (Lopes et al 2009, Arana et al 2011. Suppadit et al (2006) and Soonngam and Hutacharoen (2007) observed that adding HSCAS or vermiculite to aflatoxin-contaminated diets lessened the negative effects triggered by the mycotoxin in Fixat presentaron una disminución en su consumo de alimento (alrededor de 10-12%) y tasa de crecimiento (alrededor de 4-17%); en contraste, los individuos alimentados con NCD + Novasil Plus mostraron un mayor consumo de alimento (alrededor de 6%) y tasa de crecimiento (alrededor de 8%).…”

“…More studies are needed to determine if higher doses of aluminosilicates can completely overcome the adverse effects of dietary aflatoxin on Pacific white shrimp. dietas contaminadas con aflatoxinas para bagres y trucha arcoiris no produjo una disminución de sus efectos tóxicos (Lopes et al 2009, Arana et al 2011. Suppadit et al (2006) y Soonngam y Hutacharoen (2007) observaron que la inclusión de HSCAS o vermiculita en dietas contaminadas con aflatoxinas aminoraba los efectos negativos producidos por las micotoxinas en L. vannamei y P. monodon, pero estas mejorías no eran estadísticamente comparables con la dieta sin aflatoxina.…”

“…An important reduction in feed 2 intake, depression of growth performance, immune suppression, and hepatic lesions have been observed in rainbow trout (Arana et al 2011), carp (Mohapatra et al 2011), tilapia (Shehata et al 2009), catfish (Dӧll et al 2010, and shrimp (Boonyaratpalin et al 2001, Soonngam and Hutacharoen 2007, Gopinath and Raj 2009, Tapia-Salazar et al 2012 fed an aflatoxin-contaminated diet. Several detoxifying products are commercially available to inactivate mycotoxins in animal feeds, and their detoxifying effect involves physical adsorption, binding, and trapping of toxic substances (Kolossova et al 2009), followed by their elimination together with the detoxifier.…”

Aflatoxin M1 contamination in grated parmesan cheese marketed in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil

“…The aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are considered the most relevant group in Brazil due to their high incidence and the toxic effects they have on humans and animals (Arana et al 2011;Cardoso et al 2011;Hoeltz et al 2012). When ingested by an animal, AFB 1 is biotransformed in the liver and excreted in the milk as AFM 1 (Hussein and Brasel 2001).…”