Evaluation of the Detonation Performance of Insensitive Explosive Formulations Based on 3,3ʹ Diamino-4,4ʹ-Azoxyfurazan (DAAF) and 3-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-5-One (NTO)

Tappan, Bryce C.; Bowden, Patrick R.; Lichthardt, Joseph P.; Schmitt, Matthew; Hill, Larry

doi:10.1080/07370652.2017.1334720

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… a Decomposition temperature (onset). b Experimental density at room temperature. c Enthalpy of formation (kJ mol –1 ). d Detonation velocity (m s –1 ). e Detonation pressure (GPa). f Impact sensitivity (J). g Friction sensitivity (N). h Oxygen balance calculated using OB = (O-2C-1 – 2H)1600/M}. i Refs and . j Refs and . k Refs , , and . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Step Closer to an Ideal Insensitive Energetic Molecule: 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone and its Derivatives

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2021

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reaching the goal of developing an insensitive high-energy molecule (IHEM) is a major challenge. In this study, 3,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone (IHEM-1) was synthesized in one step from 2,4,6-triamino-5-nitropyrimidine-1,3-dioxide hydrate (ICM-102 hydrate). The density of compound IHEM-1 is 1.95 g cm–3 with a decomposition temperature of 271 °C. Its detonation velocity and pressure are 8660 m s–1 and 33.64 GPa, respectively, which are far superior to the detonation performance of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), while its sensitivity is identical with that of TATB. In addition, four derivatives (1a, chloride; 1b, nitrate; 1c, perchlorate; and 1d, dinitramide) were prepared on the basis of the weak base site (N–O group) and show excellent energetic properties. By combining a series of advantages, including simple preparation, high yield, high density, very low solubility in aqueous solution, high thermostability, insensitivity, and excellent detonation performance, IHEM-1 approaches an ideal insensitive high-energy molecule. Compounds 1b–1d are also competitive as new high-energy-density materials.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Step Closer to an Ideal Insensitive Energetic Molecule: 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone and its Derivatives

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2021

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[14] obtained the burning rate of PBXN‐109 using closed‐bomb experiments, and then determined the effect of the pressure‐relief area on the peak pressure increase of the charge based on the relationship between the increase in the explosive reaction product flow‐rate and the peak pressure growth. JEO explosives are a new type of high‐energy insensitive NTO/HMX‐based plastic‐bonded explosive, with a high detonation heat, fast detonation rate, and low sensitivity, showing broad application prospects [15–17]. The current literature mainly focuses on the thermal decomposition and cook‐off characteristics of JEO explosives in confined spaces, whereas those of JEO explosives in a shaped charge structure are rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graham et al [12] obtained the critical pressure relief area without a violent reaction af-ter charge ignition using the equilibrium relationship between the charge combustion boost and structural pressure relief; Madsen et al [13] studied the effects of different pressure-relief hole sizes and structures on the slow cook-off response characteristics of four typical explosives; Sahin et al [14] obtained the burning rate of PBXN-109 using closed-bomb experiments, and then determined the effect of the pressure-relief area on the peak pressure increase of the charge based on the relationship between the increase in the explosive reaction product flow-rate and the peak pressure growth. JEO explosives are a new type of high-energy insensitive NTO/ HMX-based plastic-bonded explosive, with a high detonation heat, fast detonation rate, and low sensitivity, showing broad application prospects [15][16][17]. The current literature mainly focuses on the thermal decomposition and cook-off characteristics of JEO explosives in confined spaces, whereas those of JEO explosives in a shaped charge structure are rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cook‐Off Characteristics of NTO/HMX‐Based Plastic‐Bonded Explosives in a Shaped Charge

Wang

Fang

2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, the cook-off characteristics of NTO/ HMX-based plastic-bonded explosives, here after referred to as JEO, with confined and pressure-relief structures are investigated. Firstly, a pre-ignition thermal decomposition model and a post-ignition combustion model of the explosives were established. The chemical reaction kinetics and combustion reaction parameters in the numerical model were calibrated according to a small closed-bomb experiment. The cook-off process of the explosives was then studied by numerical simulation, determining the influence of different structures on the ignition time, ignition position, and reaction intensity of a JEO charge. The cook-off of NTO/HMX-based plastic-bonded explosives with different structures was then experimentally studied, obtaining the temperature curve of each explosive, the deformation of the shell and liner, the macro-reaction phenomena when the charge was ignited and the residue state after the reaction, which verified the validity of the numerical simulation.

show abstract

“…Traditionally, one can employ a streak camera to record the acceleration process, and obtain the tube expansion velocity using an analytic method to handle the experimental data. However, the modern interferometry techniques [15][16][17],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation Characteristics of an Aluminized DNAN‐Based Melt‐Cast Explosive

Yang

Duan

et al. 2022

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigations of the detonation characteristics of a new aluminized DNAN-based melt-cast explosive RMA-2X (containing 30 wt.% DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole), 30 wt.% NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one), 10 wt.% HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane) and 30 wt.% aluminum) were undertaken, as well as a lithium fluoride (LiF) substituted explosive RMF-2X (containing 30 wt.% DNAN, 30 wt.% NTO, 10 wt.% HMX and 30 wt.% LiF). The interfacial velocity experiment was carried out to measure the reaction zone parameters (including the CJ pressure, the pressure at the Von Neumann spike, and the reaction zone length) of RMA-2X. The cylinder test was also performed, and employing the test data, the detonation velocity, the Gurney energy, and the detonation energy of RMA-2X were calculated. Investigation results are analyzed and some conclusions are drawn. The role of aluminum in the detonation characteristics are also discussed. Finally, parameters of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state of the detonation products were confirmed.

show abstract

Evaluation of the Detonation Performance of Insensitive Explosive Formulations Based on 3,3ʹ Diamino-4,4ʹ-Azoxyfurazan (DAAF) and 3-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-5-One (NTO)

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

One Step Closer to an Ideal Insensitive Energetic Molecule: 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone and its Derivatives

One Step Closer to an Ideal Insensitive Energetic Molecule: 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone and its Derivatives

Cook‐Off Characteristics of NTO/HMX‐Based Plastic‐Bonded Explosives in a Shaped Charge

Detonation Characteristics of an Aluminized DNAN‐Based Melt‐Cast Explosive

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About