Evaluation of pulverized coal utilization in a blast furnace by numerical simulation and grey relational analysis

Wu, Dongling; Zhou, Panyue; Zhou, Chenn Q.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.051

Cited by 38 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, to explore the safety of biomass char, the ignition temperature of biomass char was measured. In addition, the explosiveness of biomass char is also closely related to on-site safety production; it has to be considered systematically from pipeline process design to on-site operation. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study on the Feasibility of Pyrolysis Biomass Char Applied to Blast Furnace Injection and Tuyere Simulation Combustion

Dang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Basic property analysis is the most comprehensive evaluation of metallurgical characteristics of blast furnace injection fuel. In this study, the basic properties of 16 types of pyrolysis biomass char samples were comprehensively investigated; the results showed that components harmful to a blast furnace, such as the ash content and alkali metal content of Jiangsu Suzhou woodblock char (B3), Jiangsu Changzhou branch char (B8), Jiangsu Zhangjiagang bamboo char (B10), and Jiangsu Zhangjiagang coconut shell char (B12) in all of the biomass char samples, are lower and close to the level of blast furnace injection bituminous coal. The grindability, particle size distribution, and safety all met the requirements of the blast furnace. Among them, the ash melting characteristic temperature of B3, B8, Jiangsu Zhangjiagang rice husk char (B11), and Shanghai soil remediation agent (B16) was greater than 1250 °C, indicating that they are not easy to block the blast furnace raceway and spray guns. Most of the biomass char samples had good combustibility, and the burnout temperature was less than 700 °C. A self-developed blast furnace injection combustion simulation experimental device was used to simulate the combustion behavior of biomass char in the blast furnace raceway tuyere, and the burnout rates of 16 biomass chars were measured. The results showed that that the burnout rate is related to both the volatiles and fixed carbon and the influence of volatiles on the burnout rate is greater than that of fixed carbon. The burnout rates of B3 and B8 were 77.12 and 67.03%, respectively. Above all, B3 and B8 showed good properties, but the burnout rate of B3 was higher, so B3 had the feasibility of applying to blast furnace injection, which indicates that woodblock char has the potential to be used as blast furnace injection fuel.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study on the Feasibility of Pyrolysis Biomass Char Applied to Blast Furnace Injection and Tuyere Simulation Combustion

Dang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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“…The deadman zone has a slow reaction rate so it has little effect on the tuyere surface temperature and is not included in the simulation domain. [ 13 ] The porosity in the raceway and the coke bed was 1 and 0.45, respectively [ 16 ] ( Figure 8 ).…”

Section: Computational Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recycled carbon monoxide or enriched oxygen used in modern or future BFs can influence the temperature in the raceway region. Current studies have been done on the pulverized coal combustion [ 9–12 ] and the burnout rate in the raceway, [ 13,14 ] revealing that temperature in raceway can be 300–1000 K higher than other regions in the BF. When the enriched oxygen was injected, the temperature difference can increase to more than 1500 K. [ 15,16 ] The tuyere temperature and hardness will be different from the traditional BF, and the erosion situation also varies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of the Tuyere Surface Abrasion under Different Operating Conditions of Blast Furnace

Chen

et al. 2022

steel research int.

Self Cite

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Blast furnace (BF) has been widely used for iron making [1] to provide pig iron for steel making. As shown in Figure 1, raw material, iron ore, coke, and limestone are charged into the BF from the top and the hot air is blown into the BF from the tuyeres at the bottom. Pulverized coal injected (PCI) into the BF by hot air decreases the coke consumption because the coke is more expensive than coal. The PCI causes a complex region around the tuyere where different phases interconnect. Carried by the high-swirling gas, coal and coke particles will move vigorously and collide on the tuyere surface. Some scratches and dents appear on the tuyere surface (see Figure 1). Tuyere failure leads to furnace instability and productivity reduction. A worn tuyere has the risk of high pressure cooling water entering the BF, which not only threatens the BF safety but also stops the BF due to repair or optimization of tuyeres significantly reduces the BF output.Additionally, PCI changes the temperature distribution in the raceway (the void zone next to the outlet of the tuyere) due to the combustion of injected air with coal. The tuyere is made of copper considering its excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. The copper's hardness is sensitive to the temperature, and thus the erosion is highly affected by PCI and the cooling system. Nowadays, air and pulverized coal are not the only fuel injected into the BF. For example, high-concentration oxygen, or recycled carbon monoxide [2] is also injected together with air to lower the carbon footprint. Thus, the combustion in the raceway is influenced by different operating conditions, resulting in far from being understood of tuyere erosion in the BF.Recent studies focused on the failure pattern of the tuyere with the discussion of the effect of the cooling system. Among four failure patterns (i.e., erosion, pitting, cracking, and bending), erosion was the most common one [3,4] including melt erosion and abrasion. Abrasion was also a key problem for tuyere failure, [5] which is affected significantly by hardness of the tuyere material relevant to temperature. A simulation study of water circuit in the cooling system demonstrated that the highest temperature was on the top part of the tuyere tip, i.e., the vulnerable zone of the tuyere, which was consistent with the worn tuyere in the production line. [6] The limescale has been found as a key factor affecting the temperature in the cooling system. [7,8] The encrustation of limescale reduced the heat conduction, increased the temperature of the tuyere, and resulted in melting loss. Recycled carbon monoxide or enriched oxygen used in modern or future BFs can influence the temperature in the raceway region. Current studies have been done on the

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“…The raceway depth of the blast furnace was about 700 mm. Previous studies showed most pulverized coal particles in the raceway region flow around the tuyere centerline due to having a fast blast speed, and the burnout at the end of the raceway represents that of the overall raceway [19]. Therefore, the raceway was simply designed as a gradually expanding tube following others [10].…”

Section: Geometry and Operating Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Du et al [14,18] investigated the effect of lance configurations on coal combustion using the CFD method. The reliability and superiority of CFD in understanding pulverized coal combustion have been fully proven [10,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Enhancement of Pulverized Coal with Targeted Oxygen-Enrichment in an Ironmaking Blast Furnace

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2021

Processes

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In this study, a targeted oxygen-enrichment technology was proposed to enhance coal combustion in an ironmaking blast furnace. The coal flow and combustion characteristics under targeted oxygen-enrichment were investigated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results showed that oxygen utilization and coal burnout were significantly increased under targeted oxygen-enrichment. The coal burnout at 24% O2 concentration was 86.29%, which was the maximum and indicated an increase of 13.13%. However, the cooling effect of room-temperature oxygen had some adverse effects on coal combustion. Given this, the effect of coal particle temperature on coal combustion was investigated based on targeted oxygen-enrichment. The coal combustion process was further enhanced. The coal burnout at a 600 K particle temperature and 25% oxygen concentration was 91.12% and had an increase of 17.96%, which was the maximum.

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Evaluation of pulverized coal utilization in a blast furnace by numerical simulation and grey relational analysis

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Comprehensive Study on the Feasibility of Pyrolysis Biomass Char Applied to Blast Furnace Injection and Tuyere Simulation Combustion

Comprehensive Study on the Feasibility of Pyrolysis Biomass Char Applied to Blast Furnace Injection and Tuyere Simulation Combustion

Numerical Modeling of the Tuyere Surface Abrasion under Different Operating Conditions of Blast Furnace

Combustion Enhancement of Pulverized Coal with Targeted Oxygen-Enrichment in an Ironmaking Blast Furnace

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