Evaluation of Plasma Detectable Concentrations of Two Lidocaine Transdermal Formulations and Their Analgesic Effect in the Horse

Effect of 5% transdermal lidocaine patches on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy

“…However, it is possible that the LP strips we applied were too small to provide a detectable effect as the amount of lidocaine absorbed is proportional to the covered skin surface and the duration of the application (Comer & Lamb ). The plasma concentration measured after application of four LPs was lower than that measured after a 5% lidocaine cream in horses; further, the EMLA cream reduced the intensity of nociception produced by pinprick test while no effect was observed with the LP (Andreoni & Giorgi ).…”

“…A low systemic lidocaine absorption has also been described in the horse (Bidwell et al . , Andreoni & Giorgi ), in the cat (Ko et al . ) and in the dog (Weiland et al .…”

Aspects in controlled drug delivery for topical applications in veterinary medicine

“…There has been ongoing research in an attempt to develop suitable formulations for each species. Buprenorphine in dogs ( Moll, Fresno, García, Prandi & Andaluz, 2011 ; Pieper, Schuster, Levionnois, Matis & Bergadano, 2011 ), lidocaine in horses ( Andreoni & Giorgi, 2009 ), pilsicainide in dogs ( Iwasaki et al., 2009 ), calcitriol in cattle ( Yamagishi et al., 2009 ), fentanyl in rabbits ( Mirschberger et al., 2020 ) and even the ubiquitous fentanyl patch in prehensile-tailed skinks ( Gamble, 2008 ), were all studied with encouraging results. Therefore, a species-oriented approach is necessary to develop a suitable transdermal patch.…”

Managing orthopaedic pain in horses

“…However, application of two 700 mg patches to the limbs of horses for 12 hours failed to demonstrate systemic uptake (Bidwell and others 2007). Doubling the number of patches for 24 hours gave variable systemic uptake (Andreoni and Giorgi 2009). If the skin was subjected to an alcohol scrub before patch placement there was a tendency for a more rapid and pronounced, but less sustained uptake.…”