Evaluation of Physicians’ Cognitive Styles

Abstract

Physicians capable of suppressing an immediate intuitive response to questions and those scoring higher on rational thinking made fewer inferential mistakes. We found a negative correlation between age and maximizing: Physicians who were more advanced in their careers were less willing to spend time and effort in an exhaustive search for solutions. However, they appeared to have maintained their "mindware" for effective problem solving.

Expected utility versus expected regret theory versions of decision curve analysis do generate different results when treatment effects are taken into account

“…Obviously, different predictive models with different prevalence of disease outcomes, specific values of treatment effects, and disutilities will generate different results than those shown in this example meant for illustration only. We provide an excel file that the reader If the DCA method is to be used, ERG DCA seems to be preferable, which also has the following appeals: (1) it is a mathematically more parsimonious derivation of DCA derived within a coherent regret theory 7 ; (2) as a cognitive emotion, regret is widely recognized as one of the key decision making mechanisms enabling a decision maker to experience consequences of decisions both at the emotional (type 1) and cognitive (type 2) level 3,24,25 ; and (3) it is easily and reliably elicited using dual analog visual analog scale ("regret"-meter) 7 or similar scales. 7,26 We should also note that the model we used here is for illustration purposes only-not to advocate the use of this particular model but only to illustrate differences when the model is used within 2 different theoretical frameworks.…”

Short Maximization Inventory

“…Following Rim et al's (2011) analyses, Turner et al (2012) developed the 34-item Maximization Inventory (MI). This relatively new scale has been used by a number of researchers since its publication (e.g., Djulbegovic et al, 2014;Miller, 2014;Moyano-Díaz et al, 2014;Patalano, Weizenbaum, Lolli & Anderson, 2015;Rim, 2017;Rogge, 2016;Sharif & Spiller, 2014).…”

What does physicians' clinical expertise contribute to oncologic decision‐making? A qualitative interview study

“…Whereas clinical experience is supposed to play an inevitable role for individualized care, it may also account for treatment biases and health care inequalities, which hinder the implementation of research findings. Regarding potential biases, research, for example, suggests that physicians develop different cognitive styles, indicating that physicians who are depending more on their rational thinking instead of intuitive responses are less prone to making mistakes during the decision process …”

“…Regarding potential biases, research, for example, suggests that physicians develop different cognitive styles, indicating that physicians who are depending more on their rational thinking instead of intuitive responses are less prone to making mistakes during the decision process. 7 On the conceptual side, a variety of approaches aim to characterize clinical expertise, drawing on insights from ethics, the philosophy of science, psychology, and other disciplines. In referring to the Aristotelean/Thomasian idea of phronesis or "practical wisdom," Pellegrino and Sabine Salloch and Ina Otte shared first authorship.…”