Evaluation of Periodontal Tissues Using 40MHz Ultrasonography. Preliminary report

Badea

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

et al. 2019

The periodontal disease and gingival bleeding are highly prevalent in the adult population worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) data shows that 90–100% of the 34-year-old adults present gingival inflammation. Therefore, an investigation method is required to allow the assessment of the periodontal disease as well as the monitoring of the evolution of the gingival inflammation after periodontal treatments. Non-invasive and operator-independent methods for periodontal examination are necessary for diagnosing and monitoring the periodontal disease. The periodontal ultrasonography is a reliable technique for visualizing the anatomical elements which are necessary to diagnose the periodontal status. Using this imaging technique the dentino-enamel junction, the cortical bone, the radicular surface from the crown to the alveolar bone, the gingival tissue can be seen without interfering with those elements during the examination. Also, calculus visualization is possible before and after scaling in order to evaluate the quality of the treatment. Using 2D ultrasonography is not feasible in dental practice as it requires extensive experience and is also time consuming. The reproducibility of the 2D slices is very difficult in order to have the possibility to compare different investigations efficiently. 3D reconstructions of the periodontal tissue can be a very good alternative to eliminate the operator dependence. Ultrasonography allows the practitioner to visualize the anatomic elements involved in making a periodontal diagnosis. It also allows tracking of subsequent changes. This method is not commonly used for periodontal examination and further studies are required. Previous studies show that ultrasonography can be a reliable non-invasive method to diagnose and monitor the periodontal disease.

Section: S28mentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal evaluation using a non-invasive imaging method (ultrasonography)

Badea

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

et al. 2019

“…Zimbrean et al examined periodontal tissues at 40 MHz and were able to measure dimensions related to gingival, dental, and bone tissues with high accuracy [30]. Mahmoud et al, in an in vitro study, successfully obtained three-dimensional US reconstructions of mandible bone defects [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-assisted identification of the gingival sulcus and periodontal epithelial junction on high-frequency ultrasound images

et al. 2015

The primary aim of this study was to demonstrate that periodontal ultrasonography is a reliable method with which to identify and evaluate the attachment level of the gingival junctional epithelium. A secondary aim was to devise an automated computer-assisted method that allows the examiner to more easily identify the gingival sulcus contour on ultrasound images. Material and methods: This in vitro study was carried out on 36 sites on the lingual surface of eight pig mandibles. For each site, periodontal ultrasonography was performed by the same examiner, using DermaScan C Cortex Technology (Denmark) with a 20-MHz transducer. Subsequently, the mandibles were sectioned with a microtome and examined by direct microscopy. To facilitate identification of the gingival sulcus on ultrasound images, a computational method was adopted. Results: Computer processing of the ultrasound images slightly modified the contour of the gingival sulcus. The absolute mean differences in the linear measurements of the Dermascan-automated computer-generated values and the corresponding values of microscopy, which is the gold standard, varied between 0.06 and 1.75 mm. Statistical analysis showed that with respect to the gingival sulcus height, the correlation between the computer-processed ultrasound images and the direct microscopy images was stronger than the correlation between the non-processed ultrasound images and those from direct microscopy. Conclusions: Ultrasonographic examination of the periodontal tissues allows the examiner to localize the gingival epithelial attachment level and provides substantial data regarding the soft gingival tissues.

“…Zimbran et al demonstrated that periodontal 40 MHz ultrasonography is a feasible method which returns reliable results, which can be interpreted relatively easy [11] The above mentioned issues are actually a suggestion for creating a new method for evaluating the gingival inflammation: recording the thickness of the gingival mucosa and of the length of the gingival margin, on ultrasound images in order to monitor the gingival inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore,an investigation method which permits the assessment of whether any subgingival remaining calculus is present as well as monitoring the evolution of gingival inflammation after periodontal treatments is required. Ultrasonography (US) was previously used to visualize periodontal tissue [11][12][13] Also this imagistic technique was used previously to visualize the renal, ureteric and salivary calculus [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of 40 MHz periodontal ultrasonography in the assessment of gingival inflammation evolution following professional teeth cleaning.

et al. 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of 40 MHz periodontal ultrasonography in the assessment of gingival inflammation, following professional teeth cleaning. Material and methods: The study was performed on 18 teeth without restorations having subgingival calculus (upper and lower premolars and frontal teeth). After the clinical exam the Gingival Index and the Sulcus Bleeding Index were calculated. Then a 40MHz transducer (ULTRASONIX SonoTouch device) was used to obtain longitudinal sections in the frontal plane. Three measurements were performed: alveolar crest -cementumenamel junction distance (ACJ), gingival height (GH), and gingival width (GW). Professional cleaning was performed by ultrasound scaling (SatelecP5 booster, France) and airflow (NSK, Japan). Two and seven days after the first evaluation, ultrasonographic and clinical examinations were repeated. Results: Two days after the treatment the median value of the ACJ, was 2.70 (2.38; 2.95) mm, whereas 7 days after treatment it was 2.55 (2.45; 3.01) mm. The intraclass correlation coefficient for ACJ measurement was 98.8 (p<0.001).The values obtained measuring GH [3.84(3.44; 4.27) mm vs. 3.52 (3.00; 3.76) mm] and GW [(1.81 (1.65; 1.95) mm vs.1.62 (1.40; 1.95) mm) had statistically significant differences between the 2nd and 7th day. Conclusions: Periodontal ultrasonography is a highly precise and reproducible imagistic method, with which bone resorption, gingival inflammation as well as the presence or absence of subgingival calculus can be assessed.