Evaluation of oral health status and salivary flow rate in obese patients after bariatric surgery

Abstract

Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases and tooth wear in bariatric patients, and relate the oral health conditions to saliva flow.Methods:Fifty-two patients who had undergone bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) and 50 severely obese patients indicated for bariatric surgery were submitted to clinical examinations with regard to dental caries (DMFT index), periodontal condition (CPI index), dental wear (DWI index – Dental wear index) and saliva flow. The data were statistically analyzed by the Student’s-t, Mann-Whitney, Spearman Correlation and Chi-square (χ2) tests at 5% significance level.Results:The DMFT index was 16.11±5.19 in the surgical group and 16.06±6.29 in the control group (P>.05). The mean CPI was 3.05±0.84 for the operated group and 2.66±1.25 for the obese patients with no significant difference between them (P>.05). There was statistically significant difference between the groups for the presence of periodontal pockets (P=.021). All the patients presented some degree of tooth wear, however, with no significant difference between the two groups (P=.82). The mean saliva flow values of the surgical group and control group were 0.64±0.46 mL/min and 0.66±0.49 mL/min, respectively. There was no significant difference in saliva flow and all oral conditions analyzed (P>.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of oral diseases was similar in severely obese patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery and in patients who had been submitted to bariatric surgery. Nevertheless, there was higher prevalence of periodontal pockets in the operated group.

Perceived oral health in patients after bariatric surgery using oral health‐related quality of life measures

“…Sales‐Peres et al () evaluated if periodontal disease and periopathogens were influenced by gastric bypass operation, and their findings showed an increased periodontal disease in the study group. This was in accordance with the findings of Marsicano et al () and Netto et al (), where a small difference in increased dental pocket depth in individuals that have undergone bariatric surgery was demonstrated, compared with obese patients who had not undergone bariatric surgery. Netto et al () also reported that vitamin C deficiency and increased vomiting after surgery might be an explanation to increased periodontal disease postoperative in the study group.…”

“…Obesity is an increasing problem of the 21st century and one of the fastest growing health problems worldwide (Buchwald & Williams, ; Flodgren, Goncalves‐Bradley, & Summerbell, ). Obesity may contribute to the occurrence of various health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, and certain cancer forms (Marsicano, Sales‐Peres, Ceneviva, & de Sales‐Peres, ; Vairavamurthy, Cheskin, Kraitchman, Arepally, & Weiss, ; Vinciguerra et al, ) and associates with oral health problems such as dental caries, periodontitis, and hyposalivation (Marsicano, Sales‐Peres, Ceneviva, & de Sales‐Peres, ). Bariatric surgery is considered to be one of the most effective and a safe method to achieve weight loss in adults and may improve systemic conditions (Barbosa et al, ; Costa, Yamaguchi, Santo, Riccioppo, & Pinto‐Junior, ).…”

Oral Health–Related Quality of Life After Gastric Bypass Surgery

“…Published studies are often based on a mixed study population including outdated surgical procedures which make it difficult to apply the results to today's patients. However, some findings from studies with short follow-up periods after GBP surgery indicate an increased risk of tooth hypersensitivity, deeper periodontal pockets, and dental caries [14][15][16][17], although contradictory findings have also been reported [18,19]. Likewise, a recent systematic review by Salgado-Pervalo et al found inconclusive results with regard to bariatric surgery as a risk factor for caries development [20].…”

Impact of morbid obesity and bariatric surgery on antioxidant/oxidant balance of the unstimulated and stimulated human saliva

“…It has been shown that morbid obesity is accompanied by reduced stimulated and non‐stimulated saliva secretion. Moreover, obesity is often associated with periodontitis , and it was well documented that it predisposes to erosions because of gastro‐esophageal reflux.…”