Evaluation of Nitric Oxide Concentrations in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Abstract

During pregnancy Nitric oxide is one of the most important relaxing factors for myometrium and also in the control of blood flow in uterus and placenta. Nitric oxide is generated by endothelial type II nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and acts as a vasodilator.
 Objective:To investigate the level of nitric oxide (NO) production in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and in normal pregnancy.
 Materials and Methods: A case control study was undertaken in Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), from january to july 2014. The study population was pregnant women having preeclampsia and normal pregnancy who attended the OPD Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in BSMMU between 29 to 40 weeks of gestation. As because of transient and volatile nature of nitric oxide, it was unsuitable to measure the nitric oxide level by conventional method. However, two stable break down product, nitrate (NO3 -) and nitrate (NO2 -) could be easily detected by sprectophototric means. Nitrate (NO2 -) was first converted to Nitrite (NO3 -) by reduction process using cadmium. Then concentration was measured by using Griess reagent in UV sprectophototric machine. This procedure was done in the Biochemistry Department, Dhaka University.
 Results: The mean nitrite level was found 18.37}3.64 mol/L in case group and 25.57}2.11mol/ L in control group, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher in control group. The mean serum creatinine level was found 1.19}0.28 mg/dl in case group and 0.65}0.1 mg/dl in control group. The mean serum creatinine level was significantly (p<0.05) higher in case groups. Nitrite level had no correlation with onset of hypertension (r=-0.006; p=0.966), onset of proteinuria (r=0.071; p=0.623), systolic blood pressure (r=0.012; p=0.933), diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.159; p=0.269) and urine protein (r=0.047, p=0.748).
 Conclusion: As pregnancy progressed there was a decrease in plasma nitric oxide levels in preeclampsia. Urine uric acid to creatinine ratio increased with the decrease in nitric oxide levels and can be used as a marker for preeclampsia.
 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 60-66

A comparison of serum levels of uric acid, c-reactive protein and nitric oxide in preeclampsia patients and normal healthy pregnant females

“…Serum Nitric oxide, was studied and found to be significantly (p<0.0001) decreased among preeclampsia patients (69.13 ±9.38 µmol/L) compared to the normal healthy pregnant females (80.49 ±10.14 µmol/L). These values are corresponded to the several studies out of which one was done by Jong Weon Choi et al 18 In the study done by Salma Akter et al, 19 serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in preeclampsia patients (18.37 ±3.64mol/L) as compared to normal pregnant women. It concludes that decrease nitric oxide levels as proxy indicator can be used as marker for preeclampsia.…”

A comparison of serum levels of uric acid, c-reactive protein and nitric oxide in preeclampsia patients and normal healthy pregnant females

“…Serum Nitric oxide, was studied and found to be significantly (p<0.0001) decreased among preeclampsia patients (69.13 ±9.38 µmol/L) compared to the normal healthy pregnant females (80.49 ±10.14 µmol/L). These values are corresponded to the several studies out of which one was done by Jong Weon Choi et al 18 In the study done by Salma Akter et al, 19 serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in preeclampsia patients (18.37 ±3.64mol/L) as compared to normal pregnant women. It concludes that decrease nitric oxide levels as proxy indicator can be used as marker for preeclampsia.…”

The Correlation Between Neutrophil Elastase and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Endothelial Dysfunction of Preeclampsia

“…In addition, the reaction to vasopressors is amplified. It may be inferred that these irregularities are the result of an imbalance in the production of vasoactive substances and that this imbalance is associated with endothelial cell injury [ 21 ]. Nitric oxide levels may be linked to the onset of hypertension, proteinuria, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and urine protein.…”

The Effect of Pravastatin on Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1-Alpha (HIF-1-A) Expression on the Placenta of Preeclampsia Wistar Rats

“…18 In preeclampsia conditions, ROS increases which can cause eNOS to be inhibited from producing NO, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. 19 The leading cause of increased blood pressure in pregnancy with hypertension is the lack of NO, which functions as a…”

“…Excessive production of sEng inhibits TGF-in blood vessels, inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular structure. 19,20 This condition causes endothelial dysfunction, as it is known that endothelial dysfunction is one of the early causes of preeclampsia.…”

A comparison of serum levels of uric acid, c-reactive protein and nitric oxide in preeclampsia patients and normal healthy pregnant females

“…Serum Nitric oxide, was studied and found to be significantly (p<0.0001) decreased among preeclampsia patients (69.13 ±9.38 µmol/L) compared to the normal healthy pregnant females (80.49 ±10.14 µmol/L). These values are corresponded to the several studies out of which one was done by Jong Weon Choi et al 18 In the study done by Salma Akter et al, 19 serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in preeclampsia patients (18.37 ±3.64mol/L) as compared to normal pregnant women. It concludes that decrease nitric oxide levels as proxy indicator can be used as marker for preeclampsia.…”

The Correlation Between Neutrophil Elastase and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Endothelial Dysfunction of Preeclampsia

“…In addition, the reaction to vasopressors is amplified. It may be inferred that these irregularities are the result of an imbalance in the production of vasoactive substances and that this imbalance is associated with endothelial cell injury [ 21 ]. Nitric oxide levels may be linked to the onset of hypertension, proteinuria, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and urine protein.…”

The Effect of Pravastatin on Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1-Alpha (HIF-1-A) Expression on the Placenta of Preeclampsia Wistar Rats

“…18 In preeclampsia conditions, ROS increases which can cause eNOS to be inhibited from producing NO, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. 19 The leading cause of increased blood pressure in pregnancy with hypertension is the lack of NO, which functions as a…”

“…Excessive production of sEng inhibits TGF-in blood vessels, inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular structure. 19,20 This condition causes endothelial dysfunction, as it is known that endothelial dysfunction is one of the early causes of preeclampsia.…”

A comparison of serum levels of uric acid, c-reactive protein and nitric oxide in preeclampsia patients and normal healthy pregnant females

“…Serum Nitric oxide, was studied and found to be significantly (p<0.0001) decreased among preeclampsia patients (69.13 ±9.38 µmol/L) compared to the normal healthy pregnant females (80.49 ±10.14 µmol/L). These values are corresponded to the several studies out of which one was done by Jong Weon Choi et al 18 In the study done by Salma Akter et al, 19 serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in preeclampsia patients (18.37 ±3.64mol/L) as compared to normal pregnant women. It concludes that decrease nitric oxide levels as proxy indicator can be used as marker for preeclampsia.…”

The Correlation Between Neutrophil Elastase and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Endothelial Dysfunction of Preeclampsia

“…In addition, the reaction to vasopressors is amplified. It may be inferred that these irregularities are the result of an imbalance in the production of vasoactive substances and that this imbalance is associated with endothelial cell injury [ 21 ]. Nitric oxide levels may be linked to the onset of hypertension, proteinuria, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and urine protein.…”

The Effect of Pravastatin on Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1-Alpha (HIF-1-A) Expression on the Placenta of Preeclampsia Wistar Rats

“…18 In preeclampsia conditions, ROS increases which can cause eNOS to be inhibited from producing NO, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. 19 The leading cause of increased blood pressure in pregnancy with hypertension is the lack of NO, which functions as a…”

“…Excessive production of sEng inhibits TGF-in blood vessels, inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular structure. 19,20 This condition causes endothelial dysfunction, as it is known that endothelial dysfunction is one of the early causes of preeclampsia.…”