Evaluation of Local and Elite Cassava Genotypes for Resistance to Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Uganda

Abaca, Alex; Kawuki, R.; Tukamuhabwa, P.; Baguma, Yona; Pariyo, Anthony; Alicai, Titus; Omongo, C.A.; Bua, A.

doi:10.3923/ja.2012.65.72

Cited by 27 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This is true as these varieties were bred only for CMD and not CBSD resistance. This supports the finding of Abaca et al, 2012b, when only five cassava varieties were found tolerant to CBSD, amongst which was NASE 14. However, lack of CBSD foliar symptom on the local does not mean that cassava brown streak viruses (CBSV) could be absent in this variety.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…However, lack of CBSD foliar symptom on the local does not mean that cassava brown streak viruses (CBSV) could be absent in this variety. This confirms problems associated with phenotypic evaluation that was pointed out by Abaca et al, 2012b, that the severe presence of CMD on a cassava plant tend to mask the symptom of CBSD. It's only under rare circumstance that dual symptoms of both CMD and CBSD can be seen clearly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The highest CBSD root necrosis severity was observed in TME 204, which confirms it high level of susceptibility. This result confirms the tolerance of come cassava varieties to CBSD and can be used to manage the disease (Abaca et al, 2012a(Abaca et al, , 2012b.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…For CMD the scales used were, 1 = Un-affected shoots, or no symptoms observed, 2 = Mild chlorotic pattern on most leaves, mild distortions at the bases of most leaves, while the remaining parts of the leaves and leaflets appear green and healthy, 3 = Pronounced mosaic pattern on most leaves, narrowing and distortion of the lower one-third of the leaves, 4 = Severe mosaic distortion of two-thirds of most leaves and general reduction of leaf size, and some stunting of shoots, and 5 = Very severe mosaic symptoms on all leaves, distortion, twisting and severe leaf reduction of most leaves accompanied by severe stunting of plants (IITA, 1990). At harvest, two agronomic traits harvest indices (HI) and root dry matter content (DMC) were computed as described by Abaca et al (2012b). The disease incidence and severity, DMC and HI data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to establish whether or not significant difference exists among cassava genotypes.…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cassava Pests and Diseases’ Prevalence and Performance as Revealed by Adaptive Trial Sites in North Western Agro-Ecological Zone of Uganda

Abaca¹,

Kiryowa²,

Awori³

et al. 2013

JAS

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Cassava adaptive trial was planted in ten sub counties across West Nile Agro-ecological Zone (WNAEZ) with six cassava varieties to test their performance and reactions to major pests and diseases present in the Zone. Th six cassava varieties comprised of improved (TME 14 and 204, NASE 13 and 14 and Akena -TMS I92/00067) and a local (Abiria) were selected based on their availability and preference in the region. The experiment was planted in RCBD design with three replicates. The experiment was planted in ten locations with the plot size was 6x6 metres. Results showed Cassava green mite (CGM), Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB) as major pest and diseases across all sites. Cassava Anthracnose (CA) and Cassava mealy bug (CM) were not present in the study sites. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) foliar symptoms was observed in three locations of Dranya s/c, Gimara s/c and Nyaravuru s/c on the three varieties of TME 204, TMS-I92/00067 and TME 14, whereas CBSD root necrosis was seen across all sites on TME 204, TMS-I92/00067, NASE 13, TME 14 and the Local except on NASE 14. In terms of yields, results showed that it was highest in TMS-I92/00067 (53.0 t/ha), TME 204 (46.0 t/ha), NASE 14 (39.4 t/ha), TME 14 (34.6 t/ha), NASE 13 (33.4 t/ha) and the local (22.7 t/ha) in that order. Farmers' ranking of the studied cassava varieties in order of preference was in the order of NASE 14, TME 204, TMS-I92/00067, TME 14, NASE 13 and the Local. In conclusion, absence of both foliar and root symptoms on NASE 14 across all sites indicated that this variety is still tolerant to CBSD and can still be multiplied for production in West Nile Agro-ecological Zone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cassava Pests and Diseases’ Prevalence and Performance as Revealed by Adaptive Trial Sites in North Western Agro-Ecological Zone of Uganda

Abaca¹,

Kiryowa²,

Awori³

et al. 2013

JAS

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“…In order to ensure disease exposure and establishment, the highly susceptible cultivar, TME204, was used in infector rows (Abaca et al, 2012). The infector plants were planted one month earlier at a spacing of 1 metre away from the test plants, so as to develop sufficient inoculum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava brown streak disease effects on leaf metabolites and pigment accumulation

Nuwamanya¹,

Baguma²,

Atwijukire³

et al. 2017

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

et al. 2018

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Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) caused by Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV) is a threat to food security in sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease persistently reduces overall root quality and quantity resulting in up to 100% yield losses. Complexities in CBSD symptom expression and the damage caused on leaves, stems and roots throughout the 12 months of cassava growth require that appropriate ways of categorizing genotype response and optimal stages of evaluation be identified. This study aimed at: 1) determining plot based heritability of CBSD based on symptom expression and 2) categorizing genotype resistance to CBSD based on symptom expression. Herein, 41 genotypes were evaluated for two years at Namulonge with an additional evaluation conducted across three locations. Evaluations were done at three, six, nine and twelve months after planting. Genotype responses to CBSD varied significantly. High broad sense heritability estimates of up to 0.81 (incidence) and 0.71 (severity) were obtained.Average disease severity scores had higher broad sense heritability estimates (0.53 and 0.65) than maximum disease severity scores (0.33 and 0.61) for root and foliar severities respectively. These findings are important in choosing an appropriate evaluation method for CBSD. Genotypes displayed differing CBSD responses in type, locality and severity of symptoms. This suggested that genotypes had differences in mechanisms of resistance that can be exploited in CBSD resistance breeding.

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Evaluation of Local and Elite Cassava Genotypes for Resistance to Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Uganda

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Cassava Pests and Diseases’ Prevalence and Performance as Revealed by Adaptive Trial Sites in North Western Agro-Ecological Zone of Uganda

Cassava Pests and Diseases’ Prevalence and Performance as Revealed by Adaptive Trial Sites in North Western Agro-Ecological Zone of Uganda

Cassava brown streak disease effects on leaf metabolites and pigment accumulation

Plot based heritability estimates and categorization of cassava genotype response to cassava brown streak disease

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