Evaluation of Lactobacillus and Bacillus-based probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in enteric microbial challenged weaned piglets

Ahmed, Sonia Tabasum; Ji, Hoon; Mun, Hong-Seok; Yang, Chul-Ju

doi:10.5897/ajmr2013.6355

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Evidence suggests that probiotics and prebiotics could beneficially modify gut microbiota composition and activity in humans and animals (Barba-Vidal et al 2018; Moura et al 2007), thereby improving host metabolism and health, notably at the intestinal level. For example, the probiotics Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus reuteri avibro ) and Bacillus ( Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis ) exhibited the ability to increase nutrient digestibility and animal performance, and they reduced the abundance of pathogens ( Salmonella and Escherichia coli ) (Ahmed et al 2014). In pigs, some prebiotic products, such as xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), β-mannanase, mannan-oligosaccharides, and yeast cultures have been used to modify gut microbiota composition, improve host immune response, stimulate the growth of more beneficial bacteria, and inhibit the colonization or abundance of pathogens by producing antimicrobial substances in humans and livestock (Barros et al 2015; De Maesschalck et al 2015; Liu et al 2018; Rastall and Gibson 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees beneficially affects gut microbiota structure and function in pigs

Xie

et al. 2019

AMB Expr

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Gut microbiota positively contribute to livestock nutrition and metabolism. The manipulation of these microbes may improve animal health. Some feed additives improve livestock health and metabolism by regulating gut microbiota composition and activity. We fed hybrid pigs diets supplemented with 0% (control), 5% (treat 1), 10% (treat 2), or 15% (treat 3) fermented Mao-tai lees (FML) for 90 days. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bioamines, and microbial communities found in colonic contents were analyzed to investigate microbiota composition and metabolic profiles. Concentrations of straight-chain fatty acids (e.g., acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and tyramine increased with FML supplementation content. Contrary to the minor effects of 5% and 10% FML on gut microbiota, 15% FML influenced beta diversity (Jaccard or Bray–Curtis dissimilarity) but not alpha diversity (number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon diversity) of pig gut microbial communities compared to the control group. Notably, 15% FML animals were characterized by a higher abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria ( Lactobacillus and Akkermansia ) but lower abundances of potential pathogens ( Escherichia ). Numerous genes associated with metabolism (e.g., starch, sucrose, and sulfur-compounds metabolism) showed a higher relative abundance in the 15% FML than in the control group. Additionally, most Phascolarctobacterium , Treponema , Prevotella , and Faecalibacterium bacterial markers in the 15% FML group were positively correlated with straight-chain fatty acid concentrations, suggesting that these bacteria are likely associated with SCFA production. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of 15% FML on fermentation of undigested compounds and gut microbiota composition in the colon. Thus, 15% FML supplementation in pig feed may possibly represent a way to optimize pig colon health for livestock farming. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13568-019-0747-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees beneficially affects gut microbiota structure and function in pigs

Xie

et al. 2019

AMB Expr

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“…b An R-value near + 1 means that there is dissimilarity between the groups, while an R-value near 0 indicates no significant dissimilarity between the groups. Sonia et al, 2014;Zheng et al, 2016;Upadhaya et al, 2017). This study observed a reduction of E. coli and ETEC toxins mainly in pigs supplied with host-adapted L. reuteri.…”

Section: Probiotic Activity Of Host Adapted and Nomadic Lactobacillimentioning

confidence: 51%

Feeding Limosilactobacillus fermentum K9-2 and Lacticaseibacillus casei K9-1, or Limosilactobacillus reuteri TMW1.656 Reduces Pathogen Load in Weanling Pigs

2020

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Applying probiotics to improve gut health and growth performance of pigs is considered an effective approach to reduce use of antimicrobial growth promoters in swine production. Understanding the properties of these probiotics is a prerequisite for the selection of probiotic strains for pigs. Host-adapted probiotic strains were suggested to exert probiotic effects by different mechanisms when compared to free-living or nomadic probiotic strains. This study assessed the effect of probiotic intervention with Limosilactobacillus reuteri TMW1.656, a host-adapted species producing the antimicrobial compound reutericyclin, its isogenic and reutericyclin-negative L. reuteri TMW1.656ΔrtcN, and with Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus casei, two species with a nomadic lifestyle. Probiotic strains were supplemented to the post weaning diet in piglets by fermented feed or as freeze-dried cultures. The composition of fecal microbiota was determined by high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene sequence tags; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens were quantified by qPCR targeting specific virulence factors. Inclusion of host-adapted L. reuteri effectively reduced ETEC abundance in swine intestine. In contrast, nomadic L. fermentum and L. casei did not show inhibitory effects on ETEC but reduced the abundance of Clostridium spp. In addition, the increasing abundance of Bacteriodetes after weaning was correlated to a reduction of ETEC abundance. Remarkably, the early colonization of piglets with ETEC was impacted by maternal-neonatal transmission; the pattern of virulence factors changed significantly over time after weaning. Probiotic intervention or the production of reutericyclin showed limited effect on the overall composition of commensal gut microbiota. In conclusion, the present study provided evidence that the lifestyle of lactobacilli is a relevant criterion for selection of probiotic cultures while the production of antimicrobial compounds has only minor effects.

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“…As noted by (Jacela et al, 2010;Ahmed et al, 2014;Fedak et al, 2018;Czech et al, 2018), most probiotics are based on different strains of lactic and bifidobacteria. Depending on the antagonistic properties of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora, appropriate strains are selected for composition of probiotic preparations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of modern treatment regimens on serum biochemical parameters in piglets with gastroenteritis

Lukashchuk¹,

Slivinska²,

Shcherbatyy³

et al. 2020

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The article presents analyses of biochemical parameters of blood serum in weaned piglets with non-contagious gastroenteritis and after their treatment with a probiotic (live spores of Bacillus cereus var. toyoi; silicic acid; calcium carbonate) and a phytobiotic (natural extracts of Oreganum vulgare, Cinnamomun cassia and Capsicum annuum; hydrogenated rapeseed oil) as part of the basic ration in combination with antibiotic (10% solution of enrofloxacin hydrochloride) on a modern pig farm. In animals of the experimental groups with gastroenteritis we established hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglycemia, hypoureaemia, hypercreatininemia, hyperbilirubinemia and increase of enzyme activity compared to parameters of clinically healthy piglets. The study established that the use of probiotics and phytobiotics for weaned piglets had a positive influence on protein synthesis function of the liver, as indicated by the normalization of serum total protein and albumins. Also, we found a positive influence of probiotics and phytobiotics on intensity of protein metabolism, as indicated by an increase of serum urea to the level of clinically healthy piglets. Use of phytobiotics for piglets had a positive influence on the process of gluconeogenesis in their body, which is indicated by the normalization of serum glucose to the level of clinically healthy piglets. Also, the use of probiotics and phytobiotics had a positive influence on the pigment-forming function of the liver, as indicated by the reduction of serum total bilirubin to the level of clinically healthy piglets. The use of probiotics and phytobiotics reduced activity of serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in the piglets of the experimental groups, indicating the stabilization of hepatocytes’ cell structures (mitochondrial and cytosolic). The study established positive influence of probiotics and phytobiotics on the functioning of the liver and biliary tract, as indicated by decreased activity of serum alkaline phosphatase and gamaglutamiltranspeptidase to the level of clinically healthy piglets. So, addition of probiotics and phytobiotics to mixed fodder up to 45 days of age, normalizes functioning of the kidneys and liver in weaned piglets with gastroenteritis.

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Evaluation of Lactobacillus and Bacillus-based probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in enteric microbial challenged weaned piglets

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees beneficially affects gut microbiota structure and function in pigs

Dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees beneficially affects gut microbiota structure and function in pigs

Feeding Limosilactobacillus fermentum K9-2 and Lacticaseibacillus casei K9-1, or Limosilactobacillus reuteri TMW1.656 Reduces Pathogen Load in Weanling Pigs

Influence of modern treatment regimens on serum biochemical parameters in piglets with gastroenteritis

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