Evaluation of Ischemia after ESWL: Detection of Free Oxygen Radical Scavenger Enzymes in Renal Parenchyma Subjected to High-Energy Shock Waves

Sarıca, Kemal; Koşar, Alim; Yaman, Önder; Bedük, Yaşar; Durak, İlker; Göǧ, Orhan; Kavukçu, Mustafa

doi:10.1159/000282918

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Evidence has indicated previously (44) that the biological effect of ESW treatment may be mediated by bubble cavitation or acoustic energy. The ESW-induced acoustic energy could also elicit oxygen free radicals (45). However, the oxidative stress from the ESW treatment has been previously implicated in tissue damage (42 It has been shown that O 2 Ϫ can act as an important signal for the mitogenesis of certain cells (47) and induce cardiac fibroblast proliferation associated with an increase in TGF-␤1 expression (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide Mediates Shock Wave Induction of ERK-dependent Osteogenic Transcription Factor (CBFA1) and Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation toward Osteoprogenitors

Wang

Sheen-Chen

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

158

126

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؊ by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 decreased specific osteogenic transcription factor, core binding factor A1 activation, and decreased osteocalcin expression. Taken together, we showed that ESW-induced O 2 ؊ production followed by tyrosine kinase-mediated ERK activation and core binding factor A1 activation resulted in osteogenic cell growth and maturation. Thus, an appropriate modulation of redox reaction by ESW may have some positive effect on the bone regeneration.Oxidative stress induced by superoxide has been implicated in the induction of certain cell injury (1-5). In contrast, superoxide also plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and metabolism (6 -8). Several physical factors such as heat (9), electrical field (10), pulsatile stretch (11), and laser irradiation (12) can stimulate cell proliferation through the involvement of superoxide. It is not known whether superoxide can regulate osteoprogenitor cell growth and differentiation.Extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) 1 is created by a high voltage spark discharge under water causing an explosive evaporation of water and producing high energy acoustic waves. The acoustic waves are focused on a semi-ellipsoid reflector and therefore can be transmitted into a specific tissue site (13). ESW treatment has been divergently applied for eukaryotic and prokaryotic biology systems. It is well known that ESW provides a non-invasive biophysical strategy for breaking renal stones with minimal side effects (13). Evidence also suggests that shock waves can potentially enhance gene transfer (14), suppress tumor growth (15), and promote the bactericidal effect of microorganisms (16).Recently, we and others (17)(18)(19)(20) have shown that ESW treatment has a promising effect on the promotion of bone fracture healing and repair of tendinitis. The mechanism by which ESW enhances fracture healing and repair of tendinitis remains to be determined. The fact that ESW treatment enhances both bone and tendon regeneration suggests that ESW may induce a certain signal for growth and maturation of the mesenchymal progenitors from bone marrow. It has been well clarified that the differentiation and maturation of bone marrow mesenchymal osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblastic lineage is involved in bone regeneration (21)(22)(23). In support of the hypothesis, we have recently shown ESW treatment to be able to promote bone marrow stromal cell growth and differentiation toward osteogenic lineage, presumably through TGF-␤1 induction (24).Accumulated evidence suggests that ESW induces a cavitation effect to increase membrane permeability and the influx of biological substances (25,26), which are usually implicated in cell and tissue damage (15,27). There is limited evidence showing that ESW promotes cell growth rather than cell damage. We hypothesized in this study that an optimal ESW treatment promoted osteoprogenitor cell growth and maturation via a rapid induction of oxygen radicals for a signal transduction

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide Mediates Shock Wave Induction of ERK-dependent Osteogenic Transcription Factor (CBFA1) and Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation toward Osteoprogenitors

Wang

Sheen-Chen

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

158

126

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“…Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that oxygen free radicals, which are toxic partial reduction products of oxygen, have a vital role in the development of renal parenchymal damage during ischemia [13, 14, 15]. In the case of transient ischemia and subsequent reperfusion, tightly controlled oxygen metabolism will be disrupted, resulting in an excess production of reactive oxygen species [14, 15, 16]. Tissues contain enzymatic and nonenzymatic defense mechanisms, known antioxidant defense potential (AOP) to protect themselves against free radical damages occurring during metabolic events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Defense Potential of Rabbit Renal Tissues after ESWL: Protective Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins

Biri

Öztürk²,

Büyükkoçak

et al. 1998

Nephron

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Antioxidant defense potential, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and relative hydroxyl radical (OH·) concentrations were measured in order to establish the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on free radical production and antioxidant defense potential of the rabbit kidney tissues. Electron microscopic examination was also performed to observe ultrastructural changes. The antioxidant defense potential of the ESWL-treated tissues was found to be reduced, and the MDA levels increased as compared with controls. Vitamin (vitamin E plus C combination) pretreatment ameliorated antioxidant defense potential in part, prevented increases in MDA levels in the ESWL-treated tissues, and increased the antioxidant defense potential in the control kidney tissues. After ESWL, a significant amount of OH· radical was measured in the affected tissue. This revealed the source of oxidant stress and peroxidation reactions in the ESWL-treated kidney tissue. Vitamin pretreatment caused significant reduction in the OH· radical concentration. In the electron microscopic investigation, some significant subcellular changes, such as endothelial injury, loss of foot processes, damage of glomerular basal membrane, etc., were observed in the ESWL-treated renal tissue slices. Vitamin pretreatment to a great extent prevented formation of these subcellular changes. Our results suggest that the antioxidant capacity of the kidney tissue was reduced after ESWL treatment and that the tissue was exposed to oxidant stress. Vitamin pretreatment exerted significant protection against the radical damage.

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“…Even so, findings by these and other investigators of such phenomena as intraparenchymal hemorrhage, reduced renal blood flow, and urinary excretion of enzymatic markers of cellular injury naturally led to speculation that ischemia and subsequent tissue injury had occurred. In addition, other researchers proposed that oxidative stress associated with ischemia induced by SWL may also contribute to the resulting tissue injury (Sarica et al, 1996a;Cohen et al, 1998;Brown et al, 2000;Munver et al, 2002). Support for a possible role of oxidative stress in the tubular injury caused by shock waves comes from several studies in which inhibitors of oxidative stress reduced the urinary excretion of enzymatic markers of tubular injury (Strohmaier et al, 1991(Strohmaier et al, , 1993(Strohmaier et al, , 1994a(Strohmaier et al, , b, 1999(Strohmaier et al, , 2002Benyi et al, 1995;Ogiste et al, 2003) or diminished the histological signs of tissue injury (Fegan et al, 1991;Yaman et al, 1996;Sarica et al, 1997;Biri et al, 1998) after SWL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological changes induced in the pig kidney by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Nephron injury

et al. 2003

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While shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is known to cause significant damage to the kidney, little is known about the initial injury to cells along the nephron. In this study, one kidney in each of six juvenile pigs (6 -7 weeks old) was treated with 1,000 shock waves (at 24 kV) directed at a lower pole calyx with an unmodified HM-3 lithotripter. Three pigs were utilized as sham-controls. Kidneys were fixed by vascular perfusion immediately after SWL or sham-SWL. Three of the treated kidneys were used to quantitate lesion size. Cortical and medullary samples for light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were taken from the focal zone for the shock waves (F2), the contralateral kidney, and the kidneys of sham-SWL pigs. Because preservation of the tissue occurred within minutes of SWL, the initial injury caused by the shock waves could be separated from secondary changes. No tissue damage was observed in contralateral sham-SWL kidneys, but treated kidneys showed signs of injury, with a lesion of 0.2% Ϯ 0.1% of renal volume. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage and injury to tubules was found at F2 in both the cortex and medulla of SWL-treated kidneys. Tubular injury was always associated with intraparenchymal bleeding, and the range of tissue injury included total destruction of tubules, focal cellular fragmentation, necrosis, cell vacuolization, and membrane blebbing. The initial injury caused by SWL was cellular fragmentation and necrosis. Cellular vacuolization, membrane blebbing, and disorganization of apical brush borders appear to be secondary changes related to hypoxia. Anat Rec Part A 275A: 979 -989, 2003.

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Evaluation of Ischemia after ESWL: Detection of Free Oxygen Radical Scavenger Enzymes in Renal Parenchyma Subjected to High-Energy Shock Waves

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Superoxide Mediates Shock Wave Induction of ERK-dependent Osteogenic Transcription Factor (CBFA1) and Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation toward Osteoprogenitors

Superoxide Mediates Shock Wave Induction of ERK-dependent Osteogenic Transcription Factor (CBFA1) and Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation toward Osteoprogenitors

Antioxidant Defense Potential of Rabbit Renal Tissues after ESWL: Protective Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins

Morphological changes induced in the pig kidney by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Nephron injury

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