Evaluation of industrial by-products and natural minerals for phosphate adsorption from subsurface drainage

Sellner, Bjorn M.; Hua, Guanghui; Ahiablame, Laurent; Trooien, Todd P.; Hay, Christopher; Kjaersgaard, Jeppe

doi:10.1080/09593330.2017.1407364

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The phosphate average removal capacity of iron filings was 416.1 mg/kg, which was ≈3 times higher than that of limestone (155.2 mg/kg) ( Table 2). Similar results were reported by Sellner et al [14] that five industrial by-products (1.68-4.95 mg/g), including iron filings, steel slag, and three steel chips, exhibited approximately one order of magnitude higher phosphate adsorption capacity than that of three nature minerals (0.10-0.13 mg/g) including limestone, calcite, and zeolite at 20 °C in batch experiments. The phosphate removal by iron filings was attributed to Fe-P precipitation and P sorption on iron filings and its corrosion products [22,42].…”

Section: Removal Of Phosphatesupporting

confidence: 89%

Reactive Transport and Removal of Nutrients and Pesticides in Engineered Porous Media

Tong

Zhuang

Chen

2019

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Agricultural nonpoint pollution has been recognized as a primary source of nutrients and pesticides that contaminate surface water and groundwater. Reactive materials have great potential to remove nutrients and pesticides from agricultural drainage water. In this study, we investigated the reactive transport and removal of coexisting nitrate, phosphate, and three pesticides (tricyclazole, isoprothiolane, and malathion) by iron filings and natural ore limestone through column experiments under saturated flow conditions. Breakthrough results showed that 45.0% and 35.8% of nitrate were removed by iron filings and limestone during transport, with average removal capacities of 2670 mg/kg and 1400 mg/kg, respectively. The removal of nitrate was mainly due to microbial denitrification especially after 131–154 pore volumes (≈30 d), whereas reduction to ammonia dominated nitrate removal in iron filings during early phase (i.e., <21.7 d). The results showed that 68.2% and 17.6% of phosphate were removed by iron filings and limestone, with average removal capacities of 416.1 mg/kg and 155.2 mg/kg, respectively. Mineral surface analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) suggested that ligand exchange, chemical precipitation, and electrostatic attraction were responsible for phosphate removal. Chemical sorption was the main mechanism that caused removals of 91.6–100% of malathion and ≈27% of isoprothiolane in iron filings and limestone. However, only 22.0% and 1.1% of tricycalzole were removed by iron filings and limestone, respectively, suggesting that the removal might be relevant to the nonpolarity of tricyclazole. This study demonstrates the great potential of industrial wastes for concurrent removal of nutrients and pesticides under flow conditions.

show abstract

Section: Removal Of Phosphatesupporting

confidence: 89%

Reactive Transport and Removal of Nutrients and Pesticides in Engineered Porous Media

Tong

Zhuang

Chen

2019

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, according to its composition and porosity, BF slag has showed the highest catalytic activity to degrade TCE by using hydrogen peroxide [48]. Recently, some industrial by-products, such as steel slag, iron filings and three recycled steel by-products, have been tested for their abilities for phosphate adsorption, showing a higher ability to do so compared to three natural minerals (limestone, zeolite and calcite) [49]. Due to the strong chemical bonds between phosphate and steel by-products, the adsorbed phosphate can be released to the solution.…”

Section: Removal Of Harmful Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe

Branca

Colla

Algermissen

et al. 2020

Metals

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last few decades, the European steel industry has focused its efforts on the improvement of by-product recovery and quality, based not only on existing technologies, but also on the development of innovative sustainable solutions. These activities have led the steel industry to save natural resources and to reduce its environmental impact, resulting in being closer to its “zero-waste” goal. In addition, the concept of Circular Economy has been recently strongly emphasised at a European level. The opportunity is perceived of improving the environmental sustainability of the steel production by saving primary raw materials and costs related to by-products and waste landfilling. The aim of this review paper was to analyse the most recent results on the reuse and recycling of by-products of the steelmaking cycles as well as on the exploitation of by-products from other activities outside the steel production cycle, such as alternative carbon sources (e.g., biomasses and plastics). The most relevant results are identified and a global vision of the state-of-the-art is extracted, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the main outcomes achieved by the European steel industry and of the ongoing or potential synergies with other industrial sectors.

show abstract

“…The high amount of Fe in the slag present as Fe-oxides, mainly wüstite and magnetite, may play a role in phosphate removal. Sellner et al [47] reported that steel chips and iron filings remove phosphate more effectively than natural minerals and steel slag and attributed the removal to surface complexes, electrostatic adsorption and Fe-phosphate precipitation. A secondary Ca-and Fe-phosphate mixed phase was identified on reacted slag from the legacy-slag-filled column (Figure 7b).…”

Section: Phosphate Removal Mechanisms and Chemistry Of Reacted Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important consideration for field implementation is the potential to release phosphate back into solution. Sellner et al [47] found that steel slag showed much less phosphate desorption (less than 1% for batch experiments) than other materials such as limestone. Sellner et al [47] suggested that strong chemical bonds are formed between the slag and phosphate, potentially preventing phosphate release when phosphate concentrations or other chemical constituents vary in the treatment water.…”

Section: Phosphate Removal Mechanisms and Chemistry Of Reacted Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sellner et al [47] found that steel slag showed much less phosphate desorption (less than 1% for batch experiments) than other materials such as limestone. Sellner et al [47] suggested that strong chemical bonds are formed between the slag and phosphate, potentially preventing phosphate release when phosphate concentrations or other chemical constituents vary in the treatment water. Another important consideration is regeneration of slag material after secondary calcite and phosphates have rendered the slag removal capacity exhausted.…”

Section: Phosphate Removal Mechanisms and Chemistry Of Reacted Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geochemical Characterization of Iron and Steel Slag and Its Potential to Remove Phosphate and Neutralize Acid

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iron and steel slags from legacy and modern operations in the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA, are predominantly composed of Ca (10–44 wt. % CaO), Fe (0.3–28 wt. % FeO), and Si (10–44 wt. % SiO2), with generally lesser amounts of Al (<1–15 wt. % Al2O3), Mg (2–11 wt. % MgO), and Mn (0.3–9 wt. % MnO). Mineralogy is dominated by Ca ± Mg ± Al silicates, Fe ± Ca oxides, Ca-carbonates, and high-temperature SiO2 phases. Chromium and Mn concentrations in most samples may be environmentally significant based on comparison with generic soil contaminant guidelines. However, simulated weathering tests suggest these elements are present in generally insoluble phases making their use in water treatment applications possible; however, the generation of high pH and alkaline solutions may be an issue. As for possible water treatment applications, batch and flow-through experiments document effective removal of phosphate from synthetic solutions for nearly all slag samples. Air-cooled fine fractions (<10 mm) of modern slag were most effective; other types, including modern granulated, modern air-cooled coarse fractions (>10 mm), and legacy slag removed phosphate, but to a lesser degree. An additional water treatment application is the use of slag to neutralize acidic waters. Most slag samples are extremely alkaline and have high net neutralization potentials (NNP) (400–830 kg CaCO3/t), with the highest approximately equivalent to 80% of the neutralization potential of calcite. Overall, phosphate removal capacity and NNP correlate positively with total Ca content and the dissolution of Ca minerals facilitates secondary Ca phosphate formation and consumes acid during hydrolysis. Utilizing locally available slag to treat waste or agricultural waters in this region may be a higher value alternative than use in construction, potentially offsetting restoration costs to degraded legacy areas and decreasing steel manufacturers’ current waste footprint.

show abstract

Evaluation of industrial by-products and natural minerals for phosphate adsorption from subsurface drainage

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Reactive Transport and Removal of Nutrients and Pesticides in Engineered Porous Media

Reactive Transport and Removal of Nutrients and Pesticides in Engineered Porous Media

Reuse and Recycling of By-Products in the Steel Sector: Recent Achievements Paving the Way to Circular Economy and Industrial Symbiosis in Europe

Geochemical Characterization of Iron and Steel Slag and Its Potential to Remove Phosphate and Neutralize Acid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About