Evaluation of growth and production of Pleurotus sp. in sterilized substrates

Abstract

RESUMO:O gênero Pleurotus é conhecido como cogumelo ostra, shimeji ou hiratake. Neste trabalho, com a finalidade de selecionar substratos para o cultivo de duas espécies de Pleurotus, foram avaliados vigor, crescimento micelial (cm.dia -1 ), massa fresca (g), produtividade (%) e eficiência biológica (%) de P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) e P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06) cultivados nos substratos: bagaço de cana-de-açú-car, capim-elefante, resíduos da cultura da mamona e palha de arroz esterilizados. As culturas fúngicas foram recuperadas em meio de cultura CDA. Para avaliar o crescimento micelial, os substratos úmidos foram acondicionados em tubos de ensaio e fechados com papel alumínio esterilizados. Depois, foram inoculados com discos de cultura de 10 mm de diâmetro e incubados em estufa a 26 ± 2ºC. O vigor do micélio foi mensurado por meio de notas de 1 a 3, conforme adensamento. Para o cultivo axênico, os substratos foram colocados em frascos de 250 g de substrato e autoclavados duas vezes a 121ºC (1 atm) por 60 minutos, posteriormente inoculados com 3% de spawn. Ao serem analisadas, a linhagem P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) apresentou maior velocidade de crescimento que a P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06), os substratos com menor relação C/N propiciaram maior vigor de micélio e o substrato à base de resíduos da cultura da mamona apresentou perspectivas para o cultivo de P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03). PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Pleurotus; mamona; substratos; eficiência biológica; produtividade. ABSTRACT:The gender Pleurotus is also known as oyster mushroom, shimeji or hiratake. Aiming to select the best substrates to cultivate two species of Pleurotus, this work measured vigor, mycelium growth (cm.day -1 ), fresh mass (g), productivity (%) and biological efficiency (%) of P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) and P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06) cultivated in the following substrates: sugarcane bagasse, elephant grass, waste of castor oil plant and pasteurized rice straw. Fungal cultures were recovered in culture medium CDA. For the evaluation of mycelium growth, moist substrates were put into a closed assay tube with sterilized aluminum paper. Then, they were inoculated in 10 mm culture dishes and taken to the incubator at 26 ± 2ºC. Mycelium vigor was measured with grades from 1 to 3 according to density. For axenic cultivation, substrates were placed into 250 g flasks of substrate and autoclaved twice at 121ºC (1 atm) for 60 minutes, and then inoculated with 3% of spawn. The lineage P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03) showed higher growth rates in relation to P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06). Substrates showing lower C/N ratio provided more mycelium vigor. Castor oil plant waste based-substrate showed good perspectives to growing P. sajor-caju (PSC96/03).

AXENIC CULTIVATION OF Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida IN SUPPLEMENTED SUGARCANE BAGASSE BRIQUETTES

“…Florida exhibited visual appearance and mass suitable for commercialization. Mihai & Vamanu (2015), cultivating P. ostreatus in a substrate formulated with lignocellulosic residues, observed productivity proportional to 30%, corroborating the result obtained by the briquette of 6 tons-force, with humidity equivalent to 80% On the other hand, Bernardi et al (2013), selecting lignocellulosic raw materials for the production of substrate for oyster mushroom cultivation, found that sugarcane bagasse resulted in productivity of 1.8%, significantly lower than the averages of this research. Due to the higher productivity, an indicator that best represents the technical feasibility of substrate, briquettes of 6 and 8 tons-force, with humidity equivalent to 80%, have qualified as preferable to the axenic cultivation of oyster mushroom.…”

Cultivation and Nutritional Value of Prominent Pleurotus spp.: An Overview

“…Twenty-six species, including Pleurotus eryngii (PE), Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC), Pleurotus flabellatus (PFL), Pleurotus ostreatus (PO), Pleurotus djamor var. roseus (PDR), and Pleurotus florida (PF), have been reported to be cultivated using different types of lignocellulosic wastes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. A large number of Pleurotus species were identified and commercialized.…”

Evaluación del crecimiento y producción de biomasa de dos cepas del género Pleurotus spp., cultivadas en un medio agar con diferentes sustratos

“…Sanchez et al (2008) estudiaron el comportamiento de crecimiento de la cepa P. ostreatus a 28 ºC, en un medio de cultivo agar elaborado a partir de la mezcla de dos residuos lignocelulosicos (rastrojo de tomate y paja de trigo). Midieron el crecimiento radial cada dos dias, reportando un total de 9 dias para la invasión en la caja petri, valores superiores a los reportados en esta investigacion (8 dias Bernardi et al (2013), realizaron una invasión de micelio del hongo de genero P. ostreatus en medio de cultivo CDA (pasto elefante+dextrosa+agar), a 28 ºC colonizando la caja Petri en su totalidad a los 10 días de incubacion, posteriormente utilizaron cuatro sustratos diferentes, entre ellos la cascarilla de arroz, donde reportaron una VCR de 0.883 cm h -1 en P. ostreatus durante 15 dias de incubación, equivalente a 0.3086 mm.h -1 , valores inferiores a los reportados en esta investigación. Sánchez-Santillán et al (2015), evaluaron velocidad de crecimiento radial al P. ostreatus IE8, en medio agar con extracto de bagazo de caña con y sin peptona de caseína, reportando valores de 0.406 y 0.616 mm.h -1 , respectivamente; valores inferiores a los presentados en esta investigación al adicionar peptona de caseina, pero superiores con respecto al medio elaborado sin peptona de caseina.…”