Evaluation of Genetic Diversity Based on Microsatellites and Phytochemical Markers of Core Collection of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt Germplasm

Abstract

Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt is an industrially important crop due to its value in the aromatic, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, 72 accessions of C. winterianus were selected for molecular diversity analysis using SSR markers. It revealed a total of 65 polymorphic alleles showing an average of 68.10% polymorphism. The best SSR primer with competency in discriminating the germplasm was 3CM0506 with PIC (0.69), MI (0.69) and Rp (3.12). Genetic variation was studied between Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh populations. A dendrogram based on the Neighbour-Joining Method showed clustering of germplasm on the collection site. A total of six relevant genetic populations were identified through a structure harvester software analysis. Moreover, a dendrogram based on similarity, complete linkage and Euclidean distance was also elucidated differentiating the genotypes with respect to the major phytochemical constituents of the essential oil. GC-FID and GC-MS analyses of the essential oil of the 72 germplasms revealed citronellal content from 2.58–51.45%, citronellol from 0.00–26.39% and geraniol from 0.00–41.15%. This is the first molecular diversity report with 72 accessions of C. winterianus collected from the NE region using 28 SSR primers as well as their diversity based on phytochemical markers. This diversity computation will help with acquisition of the knowledge and relationship among each individual accession leading to the development of improved and essential oil component-rich cultivars.

Evaluation of a dill (Anethum graveolensL.) gene bank germplasm collection using multivariate analysis of morphological traits, molecular genotyping and chemical composition to identify novel genotypes for plant breeding

“…The performance of the primers was measured by calculating different parameters including polymorphic information content (PIC), resolving power (RP), and marker index (MI) for each primer by the program iMEC ( Amiryousefi, Hyvönen & Poczai, 2018 ). These parameters described by Prevost & Wilkinson (1999) , Munda et al (2022) and Lal et al (2022) . Nei’s coefficient ( Lynch & Milligan, 1994 ) was determined to assess the genetic variance within the groups of genotypes, while Nei’s formula was used to determine genetic distance ( Nei, 1978 ).…”

Genetic diversity and population structure of selected species of Eplingiella (Lamiaceae) using ISSR molecular markers

“…Thus, plant breeders have been concentrating their efforts on maintaining variation in natural germplasm in an attempt to improve their breeding programs. Genetic variability studies represent an important tool for understanding the distribution relationships of species (Munda et al 2022). For this purpose, the analysis of molecular markers is considered to be a robust tools for the evaluation of genetic diversity of several species of Lamiaceae However, the few molecular marker-based studies of Eplingiella species are mainly restricted to characterization of genotypes (Silva et al 2017).…”

Genetic Characterization of Some Saudi Arabia’s Accessions from Commiphora gileadensis Using Physio-Biochemical Parameters, Molecular Markers, DNA Barcoding Analysis and Relative Gene Expression

“…A difference in chemotypes has been observed based on a variety of environmental factors such as vegetation type, topographical parameters, climatic conditions and pedological features [ 19 , 20 ]. Phyto-biochemical diversity is a desired tool utilized in conventional and molecular breeding programs [ 21 ].…”