Evaluation of Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Microcosm-based Systems on the Production Response of Litopenaeus vannamei Intensively Nursed without Artemia and with Zero Water Exchange

Abstract

An experiment was conducted for 28 days to evaluate the productive response of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) postlarvae, intensively nursed in autotrophic or heterotrophic microcosm-based treatments, without Artemia and zero water exchange. The autotrophic system was based on the promotion of microalgae as the main primary producers. The heterotrophic system was based on the promotion of bacteria as the main primary producers. The control was fed a conventional diet. Bioflocs and biofilms were used to promote biota in the autotrophic and heterotrophic systems. There were no differences in temperature, salinity, or DO among treatments. The chlorophyll a concentration and microalgae density were much greater in the control and autotrophic system than in the heterotrophic. The concentration of heterotrophic bacteria was significantly higher in the heterotrophic than in the autotrophic system and control. Individual weight gain was higher in the control (81±2 mg) and heterotrophic (77±8 mg) treatments than in the autotrophic (58±10 mg) but survival was better in the autotrophic (86%) than control (77%) and heterotrophic (76%) treatments. Final biomass was statistically similar in all treatments, as well as the feed conversion ratio which ranged from 0.65 (heterotrophic) to 0.69 (autotrophic). The increased natural productivity caused a positive productive response in the shrimp postlarvae. Such strategies can be an adequate alternative when Artemia is unavailable. The IJA appears exclusively as a peer-reviewed on-line open access journal at http://www.siamb.org.il Sale of IJA papers is strictly forbidden.

Influence mechanisms of macro‐infrastructure on micro‐environments in the recirculating aquaculture system and biofloc technology system

“…Microorganisms can decompose sulphide produced from uneaten feed and faeces to produce hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) under anaerobic conditions 181 . The toxicity of H 2 S is coupled with the transport of oxygen because this compound binds to iron in haemoglobin to decrease the haemoglobin content; thus, it is cannot transport oxygen to the tissues, thereby reducing the amount of oxygen available for metabolism, causing hypoxia and death of aquaculture animals 182 . In addition, H 2 S can absorb DO during the oxidation process; therefore, it is considered toxic to fish and other organisms.…”

Uso De Microorganismos en El Cultivo De Crustáceos

“…En el ámbito nacional, Audelo-Naranjo et al (2010,2011) utilizaron biopelículas asociadas a sustratos artificiales para el cultivo superintensivo de L. vannamei, encontrando parámetros de producción mucho mejores en comparación con sistemas en donde no se utilizaron estos consorcios. En el ámbito regional e institucional, Becerra-Dorame et al (2011 evaluaron sistemas basados en microorganismos autótrofos y heterótrofos para la maternización y preengorda de L. vannamei, encontrando en ambos casos una excelente respuesta productiva y constatando además la posibilidad de sustituir el uso de Artemia en la maternización de esta especie.…”