Evaluation of arsenic immobilization in red mud by CO2 or waste acid acidification combined ferrous (Fe2+) treatment

Li, Yiran; Wang, Jun; Peng, Xianjia; Fan, Ni; Luan, Zhaokun

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.055

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The chemical compositions of the RM were affected by bauxites and additives in alumina production. Arsenic was detected as a harmful component in the RMlf as described in previous work (Li et al 2012). Arsenic accumulated in the RMlf during alumina production, and parts of arsenic contained in the RMsf were disposed of in the RM disposal area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…It was reported that CO 3 2-and HCO 3 -were the main alkalinities in the RM (Li et al 2012). These components inhibited the hydrolysis of CO 2 therefore decrease the acidification efficiency.…”

Section: Mobility Of Arsenic In the Rmsf Washed By Watermentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It was reported that 0.07-0.45 USD was cost for arsenic immobilization in one ton of RM (Li et al 2012). 30-40 % (w/w) RMsf consisted in the RM.…”

Section: Cost Evaluation Of Arsenic Chemical Immobilization In Rmsfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of chemical immobilization treatments for reducing arsenic transport in red mud

Wang

et al. 2013

Environ Earth Sci

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Red mud (RM) was produced during alumina production from bauxite known as the Bayer process. Arsenic was detected in the solid phase of RM (RMsf) which was disposed in the disposal area. This study investigates the effectiveness of using Zero-valent iron (ZVI), ferrihydrite, ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ), waste acid (WA) or CO 2 for immobilization of arsenic in the RMsf. To test the effect of the amendments on the arsenic leachability, the RMsf samples were amended with the iron-based materials or acidifiers at various w/w (weight/ weight) ratios (1-10 %) for 30 days. The leachability of arsenic in the RMsf was evaluated by a 4-step water elusion process. After 30-day treatment of the RMsf, the leachability of As decreased from an initial (12.7 %) to (7.0 %) with a w/w ratio of 5 % ZVI (0 %) with 5 % FeSO 4 Á7H 2 O, (3.4 %) with 5 % ferryhydrite, (2.0 %) with 6 % WA and (11.8 %) with 6 % CO 2 . FeSO 4 Á7H 2 O and WA showed more effectively than other amendments for immobilizing arsenic. Arsenic fractionation with a sequential extraction procedure was used to evaluate the arsenic migration potential in the RMsf. FeSO 4 and WA were effective in increasing the hydrous oxide combined arsenic in the RMsf. The leachable Cl -and SO 4 2-in the RMsf increased from 2.9 to 14.1 mg/g and 19.9-44.4 mg/g with 6 % WA and 5 % FeSO 4 Á7H 2 O added, respectively. The estimated cost of the FeSO 4 and WA treatment was 0.47 and 0.49 USD per ton, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Mobility Of Arsenic In the Rmsf Washed By Watermentioning

confidence: 94%