Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This study favors the role of oxidative stress in both diabetes and periodontitis. It shows that the compensatory mechanism of the body is partially collapsed because of excessive production of free radicals during periodontitis and is not able to cope with increased free radical generation attributable to diabetes, thereby worsening the situation.

Oxidative stress and periodontal disease in diabetic patients: a 3-month pilot study

“…The results of the present study agree with literature relating high levels of salivary antioxidants (SAT) to a possible periodontal inflammatory condition. In response to oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes appeared upregulated in inflamed periodontal tissues [27,28]. The longitudinal analysis of this trial showed a normalization of SAT values three months after non-surgical periodontal treatment.…”

Effect of non surgical periodontal therapy on salivary and RBC lysate superoxide dismutase levels in periodontitis: A clinico biochemical study

“…Our results are in accordance to studies by Singh et al, (30) they used SOD ELISA kit and found median salivary SOD levels to be 10.95 U/ml in chronic periodontitis subjects as compared to 21.66 U/ml in healthy controls. Trivedi et al, (48) reported lowest salivary SOD levels in diabetic, periodontally healthy subjects (13.45+2.80U/ml) and highest in healthy controls (29.64+6.98U/ml) however, SOD mean values in chronic periodontitis patients fell in between them (19.93+12.05 U/ml). On the contrary Wei et al, (29) revealed higher salivary SOD levels in CP patients (216.4+36.78U/mg protein) than controls (174.9+21.07) which they attributed to an overall increased oxidant status of CP group.…”

Hypolipidemic Action of hydroxycinnamic Acids from Cabbage (<i>Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata</i>) on Hypercholesterolaemic Rat in Relation to Its Antioxidant Activity

“…It has been shown that hypercholesterolaemia increases the blood level malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the lipid peroxidation products. In addition, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by polymorphonuclear leucocytes also increases along with decrease in activities of many tissue antioxidant enzymes [2].…”

“…These compounds include antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) and non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E [2]. The efficiency of this defense system is apparently weakened in hypercholesterolaemia condition resulting in ineffective scavenging of free radicals which may lead to tissue damages.…”

“…Recently, studies have shown that medicinal plants intake especially fruits and vegetables by rats resulted in an increase in the antioxidant enzyme activities and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and a decrease in lipid peroxidation, which may reduce the risk of heart disease [2].…”