Evaluation of Agrowastes as Immobilizers for Probiotics in Soy Milk

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate agricultural wastes as immobilizers for probiotics in liquid foods, such as soy milk. Probiotic strains were initially evaluated for acid and bile tolerance and the ability to produce alpha-galactosidase. Rinds of durian, mangosteen, and jackfruit were dried, ground, and sterilized prior to immobilization of selected strains ( Lactobacillus acidophilus FTDC 1331, L. acidophilus FTDC 2631, L. acidophilus FTDC 2333, L. acidophilus FTDC 1733, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus FTCC 0411). Immobilized cells were inoculated into soy milk, and growth properties were evaluated over 168 h at 37 degrees C. Soy milk containing free cells without agrowastes was used as the control. Immobilized probiotics showed increased growth, greater reduction of stachyose, sucrose, and glucose, higher production of lactic and acetic acids, and lower pH in soy milk compared to the control. The results illustrated that agrowastes could be used for the immobilization of probiotics with enhanced growth, utilization of substrates, and production of organic acids.

Dual Use of a Biopolymer From Durian (Durio zibethinus) Seed as a Nutrient Source and Stabilizer for Spray Dried Lactobacillus Plantarum

“…These compounds could also be present in DSG, to act as a solid support for L. plantarum during fermentation, which enhanced its growth (Charalampopoulos et al, 2003). Fiber and minerals in fruit wastes, have been shown to be able to immobilize L. acidophilus cells during fermentation, which resulted in increased growth (Teh et al, 2009). In addition, many durian types are known to exist, which can be classified based on morphologic characteristics such as seed size and shape (Siew et al, 2018).…”

Second generation bioethanol potential from selected Malaysia’s biodiversity biomasses: A review

“…Durian seed has been reported to be capable as the emulsifier in the making of vegan mayonnaise (Cornelia et al, 2015); as the low cost hydrocolloid source from its extracted gum (Amid and Mirhosseini, 2012); as the source of biodegradable film production (Pimpa et al, 2012); to improve materials as composited with polypropylene and high density polyethylene (Osman and Zakaria, 2012); source of b-galactosidase for dairy products production (El-Tanboly, 2001); and as stabilizer substance for water in oil in water emulsion based form its conjugated whey protein isolate (Tabatabaee Amid and Mirhosseini, 2014). Meanwhile, durian rind has been reported to be beneficial in immobilization supporting material for probiotic strains (Teh et al, 2009); in wastewater treatment as biosorbent with high capacity (Kurniawan et al, 2011); in biocomposite reinforcement with polylactic acid (Manshor et al, 2014); and as main biomaterial in a new particleboards production for walls and ceiling insulation purposes (Khedari et al, 2003). Even after all those innovations of the waste of durian, it is rather rare to find durian waste as the source of bioethanol production as the auxiliary in renewable energy innovation.…”

Effect of ultrasound on bioconversion of isoflavones and probiotic properties of parent organisms and subsequent passages of Lactobacillus

“…Bile tolerance of control and treated cells from each passage was evaluated as described previously (Teh et al, 2009). Three types of bile acids, cholic acid, taurocholic acid, and oxgall were evaluated in this study.…”