Evaluation of a constant volume sampling setup for residential biomass fired appliances—influence of dilution conditions on particulate and PAH emissions

Boman, Christoffer; Nordin, Anders; Westerholm, Roger; Pettersson, Esbjörn

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.03.003

Cited by 46 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…IG emission factors differ from the others: CO emission factor is much higher and NO one is lower. The obtained values are in the range of the results reported in other studies [5,6,15,32,33]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of non-steady state condition contribution to the total emissions of residential wood pellet stove

Venturini

Vassura

Zanetti

et al. 2015

Energy

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of non-steady state condition contribution to the total emissions of residential wood pellet stove

Venturini

Vassura

Zanetti

et al. 2015

Energy

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“…two combustion cases. On the other hand, many of the PAHs which we found in both phases were found only in the particle phase by Boman et al (2005a). This could be due to low dilution; Boman et al (2005a) used dilution ratios from 3:1 to 7:1.…”

Section: Gas-particle Distributionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Since these compounds are major components, they have a great influence on the gas-particle distribution of total PAH emission. Boman et al (2005a) found that the phase distribution of 12 PAHs was influenced by the sampling conditions (mainly temperature, which ranged from 40 to 80…”

Section: Gas-particle Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas–Particle Distribution of PAHs in Wood Combustion Emission Determined with Annular Denuders, Filter, and Polyurethane Foam Adsorbent

Hytönen

Yli‐Pirilä

Tissari

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Equipment consisting of annular denuders, a filter, and a polyurethane foam adsorbent was used for sampling 15 PAHs from the diluted emission from a heat-storing masonry heater. The denuder method was compared to the ISO 11338 method which was used for the sampling from hot and undiluted exhaust gas. The denuder method used with the exhaust dilution gave a realistic gas-particle distribution of PAHs in more atmospheric-like conditions compared to the sampling from undiluted exhaust gas where PAHs were almost totally in the gas phase. The results gained with the denuder method from the diluted exhaust are more relevant, e.g., from exposure and atmospheric processes point of view. The emissions from smoldering combustion conditions (SC) were compared with the emissions from normal combustion conditions (NC). The emission of each PAH was 7 to 14 times higher from SC than from NC, and the gas-particle distribution was shifted towards the particle phase due to increased condensation of PAHs. The PAHs could be divided into three groups based on their phase distributions. In the first group, PAHs existed mostly in the gas phase in both combustion cases; the vapor pressures of PAHs were lower than the saturation vapor pressures. In the second group, the gas phase was saturated and the concentration was almost the same in both combustion cases, whereas the particle phase concentration was higher in SC. In the third group, PAHs were

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“…16,18,20,27,28 Dilution factors used in the dilution tunnel were around 1 : 23. Temperature and gas flow monitoring in the dilution tunnel were made using a K-type thermocouple and a Pitot tube (Testo AG 808).…”

Section: 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission factors from residential combustion appliances burning Portuguese biomass fuels

et al. 2011

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Smoke from residential wood burning has been identified as a major contributor to air pollution, motivating detailed emission measurements under controlled conditions. A series of experiments were performed to compare the emission levels from two types of wood-stoves to those of fireplaces. Eight types of biomass were burned in the laboratory: wood from seven species of trees grown in the Portuguese forest (Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus, Quercus suber, Acacia longifolia, Quercus faginea, Olea europaea and Quercus ilex rotundifolia) and briquettes produced from forest biomass waste. Average emission factors were in the ranges 27.5-99.2 g CO kg À1, 552-1660 g CO 2 kg À1, 0.66-1.34 g NO kg À1, and 0.82-4.94 g hydrocarbons kg À1 of biomass burned (dry basis). Average particle emission factors varied between 1.12 and 20.06 g kg À1 biomass burned (dry basis), with higher burn rates producing significantly less particle mass per kg wood burned than the low burn rates. Particle mass emission factors from wood-stoves were lower than those from the fireplace. The average emission factors for organic and elemental carbon were in the intervals 0.24-10.1 and 0.18-0.68 g kg À1 biomass burned (dry basis), respectively. The elemental carbon content of particles emitted from the energyefficient ''chimney type'' logwood stove was substantially higher than in the conventional cast iron stove and fireplace, whereas the opposite was observed for the organic carbon fraction. Pinus pinaster, the only softwood species among all, was the biofuel with the lowest emissions of particles, CO, NO and hydrocarbons.

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Evaluation of a constant volume sampling setup for residential biomass fired appliances—influence of dilution conditions on particulate and PAH emissions

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of non-steady state condition contribution to the total emissions of residential wood pellet stove

Evaluation of non-steady state condition contribution to the total emissions of residential wood pellet stove

Gas–Particle Distribution of PAHs in Wood Combustion Emission Determined with Annular Denuders, Filter, and Polyurethane Foam Adsorbent

Emission factors from residential combustion appliances burning Portuguese biomass fuels

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