Evaluation of a Commercial ELISA for the Detection of Antibodies to<i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>in Wild Boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>)

Haas, Chloé; Rossi, Sophie; Meier, Roman Kaspar; Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre

doi:10.7589/2014-09-222

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Considering the analyzed samples, the percentage of antibody-positive samples increased with the chronicity of the lesions. Similar finding has also been reported by Haas et al (2015).…”

Section: Analysis Of Clinical Signs and Severity Of Skin Lesions Obsesupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence and Dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis Infestation in Pigs

Debnath¹,

Sarma²,

Arya³

et al. 2020

IJAR

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Skin diseases can have an adverse impact on the production in a swine herd by causing decrease in growth rate and feed efficiency. Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis is one of the most common causes of mange in domestic and wild pigs. Keeping this point in view, a study on seroprevalence and dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis infestation in the pig population of Tripura has been undertaken. The presence of anti Sarcoptes antibodies (Immunoglobulin G) was detected by commercially available kit. In the present study, 189 pigs (11.81%) were found to be seropositive against Sarcoptes scabiei infestation out of 1600 screened pigs. Thirty one pigs out of 189 were found to be clinically positive and confirmed by microscopic examination. Examination of the skin scraping revealed various developmental stages viz., egg, larva, protonymph and adult of Sarcoptes mite. Occurrence of sarcoptic mange was found to be highest in young age group (67.72%, 128/189), male pigs (56.08%, 106/189) and Large White Yorkshire breed (47.08%). The highest and lowest occurrence of sarcoptic mange was noticed in winter (41.27%) and monsoon (7.94%) season, respectively. Clinical lesions were distributed most commonly in ear pinna (87.10%, 27/31) region. The presence of anti Sarcoptes antibodies was found to be highest in pigs having severe generalized skin lesions (70.0%). Histopathology of skin biopsy revealed a tunnel like ulcerated lesion in the skin with severe inflammatory cell infiltration in the core. The present study shows the high seroprevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in pigs in Tripura state and recommends for proper control measures. However, epidemiological studies involving larger population are required for comprehensive results.

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“…Considering the analyzed samples, the percentage of antibody-positive samples increased with the chronicity of the lesions. Similar finding has also been reported by Haas et al (2015).…”

Section: Analysis Of Clinical Signs and Severity Of Skin Lesions Obsesupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence and Dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis Infestation in Pigs

Debnath¹,

Sarma²,

Arya³

et al. 2020

IJAR

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“…A low test specificity (i.e. positive ELISA results in healthy ibexes) can be explained by a lack of detection of minute skin lesions [ 17 , 40 ], subclinical infestations [ 66 ], or cross reactions with antigens from other related parasites [ 67 , 68 ]. Cross-reactivity against dust mites, ticks and Trombicula spp., a mite that affects the skin of different European wild ungulates like chamois [ 69 ], have been previously assessed and discarded for ELISA A, B and C, respectively [ 41 , 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarcoptes scabiei stimulate E and G immunoglobulin production in infested hosts [ 28 – 33 ], including Iberian ibex [ 34 , 35 ]. Different commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) have been evaluated to detect specific antibodies to S. scabiei in dogs [ 36 , 37 ], pigs [ 38 , 39 ], wild boar [ 40 ] or chamois [ 41 ]. However, the use of ELISA tests to diagnose scabies in Iberian ibex has not yet been evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for sarcoptic mange diagnosis and assessment in the Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSarcoptic mange is a contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting different mammalian species worldwide including the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), in which mortalities over 90 % of the population have been reported. No efficient diagnostic methods are available for this disease, particularly when there are low mite numbers and mild or no clinical signs. In this study, three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) developed for dog (ELISA A), Cantabrian chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica parva) (ELISA B) and Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) (ELISA C), were evaluated to detect specific antibodies (IgG) to sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex sera.MethodsSerum samples from 131 Iberian ibexes (86 healthy and 45 scabietic) were collected from 2005 to 2012 in the Sierra Nevada Natural and National Parks (southern Spain). Based on visual inspection, ibexes were classified into one of three categories, namely healthy (without scabietic compatible lesions), mildly affected (skin lesions over less than 50 % of the body surface) and severely affected (skin lesions over more than 50 % of the body surface). The optimal cut-off point, specificity, sensitivity and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated, and the agreement between tests was determined. Moreover, differences in the optical density (OD) related to scabies severity have been evaluated for the best test.ResultsELISA C showed better performance than the two other tests, reaching higher values of sensitivity (93.0 %) and specificity (93.5 %) against the visual estimation of the percentage of affected skin, chosen as the gold standard. Significantly higher concentrations of specific antibodies were observed with this test in the mildly and severely infested ibexes than in healthy ones.ConclusionsOur results revealed that ELISA C was an optimal test to diagnose sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex. Further studies characterizing immune response during the course of the disease, including spontaneous or drug induced recovery, should follow in order to better understand sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex populations.

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“…We used the commercial indirect SARCOPTES-ELISA 2001® Pig (AFOSA GmbH, Dahlewitz bei Berlin, Germany), which uses Sarcoptes mites from pigs as antigen (whole mite antigen), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. We previously obtained a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 80% for this test when applied to wild boar sera, using pig control sera included in the kit [ 19 ]. Positive and negative predictive values of the ELISA obtained for wild boar sera were 0.56 and 0.94, respectively (C. Haas, unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serology has been successfully used to study the dynamics of S. scabiei infections in free-ranging populations of wild carnivores and ruminants [ 14 – 18 ] but there are no such data on wild boar. A previous evaluation of an indirect commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed for domestic pigs had revealed a test specificity of 80% when applied on wild boar samples from populations expected to be free of mange [ 19 ]. Nevertheless, it was uncertain whether this value was due to non-specific reactions, to cross-reactions with other mites, or to undetected mite infestations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological survey in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Switzerland and other European countries: Sarcoptes scabiei may be more widely distributed than previously thought

et al. 2018

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BackgroundSarcoptic mange has recently emerged in wild boar in Switzerland, raising the question of the origin of the infection. The main aim of this study was to assess the extent of exposure of the wild boar populations to Sarcoptes scabiei in Switzerland, prior to and after the detection of mange cases, to determine whether the mite has been recently introduced into the populations concerned. We performed a serological survey using a commercially available ELISA and 1056 archived blood samples of free-ranging wild boar from Switzerland. To facilitate the interpretation of the obtained data, we additionally estimated seroprevalence in wild boar populations of four other European countries (1060 samples), both from areas with confirmed clinical cases of mange and from areas without reported cases in wild boar. Lastly, we revised the evaluation of the commercial ELISA when used with wild boar sera.ResultsSeropositive reactions were observed for samples from all five countries and from 15 of the 16 study areas. The obtained apparent seroprevalences ranged from 0.0% (0/82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0–4.4) to 17.4% (8/46; 95% CI: 7.8–31.4). Wild boar from study areas with known clinical cases and those ≤60 kg were four times more likely to be seropositive than wild boar from areas without reported cases and > 60 kg, respectively. Optical density values did not differ between the two types of study areas among seropositive samples but were significantly lower among seronegative samples from areas without than from areas with clinical cases. No difference was observed between the two sampling periods in Switzerland. The revised ELISA specificity was 96.8% (984/1017; 95% CI: 95.5–97.7) when wild boar from areas without history of mange were considered truly negative.ConclusionsSeropositivity to S. scabiei is more frequent and occurs over a larger geographic range than expected. Data suggest that the parasite is endemic within the wild boar populations of Switzerland and other European countries but that its presence is not necessarily associated with disease occurrence. Extrinsic factors which trigger disease emergence in infected populations remain to be investigated. The applied ELISA represents a promising tool for future studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1430-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Evaluation of a Commercial ELISA for the Detection of Antibodies toSarcoptes scabieiin Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Seroprevalence and Dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis Infestation in Pigs

Seroprevalence and Dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis Infestation in Pigs

Evaluation of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for sarcoptic mange diagnosis and assessment in the Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica

Serological survey in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Switzerland and other European countries: Sarcoptes scabiei may be more widely distributed than previously thought

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