Evaluating the Correlation between Periodontal Status of Teeth Adjacent and Contralateral to Implant with Peri-Implantitis - A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Previous history of periodontitis associated with smoking and poor oral hygiene are considered as one the risk factor for peri-implantitis which in-turn leads to implant failure. Periodontitis is regarded as the most prevalent infectious diseases with around 75% of adults being affected. A similarity between the pathogenesis of periodontitis and peri-implantitis is as a result of intra-oral translocation of periodontal pathogen from teeth showing periodontitis to the peri-implant niche. Aim: The main aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of peri-implantitis in patients suffering from periodontitis. Material and Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of periodontology on 30 patients suffering from periodontitis and with dental implant insertions. In all the patients, periodontal and bone conditions were evaluated. Probing depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment levels, and radiographic bone loss was calculated around the implants, adjacent teeth and contra- lateral teeth to evaluate correlation between periodontitis and implant failures. Results: On evaluation of results with 30 patients, periodontal depth, clinical attachment levels, and gingival recession showed statistically significant around implants when compared with the periodontal parameters around the adjacent teeth and contra-lateral teeth. Non significant results were obtained when radiographic bone loss was evaluated. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that dental implant therapy is strongly affected by the periodontal health and health of adjacent teeth plays an important role in determining the failure or success of the implant while contra-lateral teeth have no or minimal relationship between periodontitis and implant failure. Keywords: Implant, Oral Health, Peri-Implantitis, Periodontitis, Translocation.