Evaluating Previous Antibiotic Use as a Risk Factor for Acute Gastroenteritis Among Children in Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014–2015

Kolsin, Jonathan; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Payne, Daniel C.; Wikswo, Mary E.; Dunn, John R.; Halasa, Natasha; Hall, Aron J.

doi:10.1093/jpids/piy044

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The highest infection rates (89.47%) were noticed in age group (1-12 months) followed by 3 (7.90%) within the age group (13-24 months). The statistical analysis showed highly significant differences among gender and age as shown in Figure (2) and Table (4). Distribution of Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The rate of human astrovirus infection among males 9(64.29%) was higher than females 5(35.71%) and statistically significant. The age of patient ranged from 1month to 60 months, the positive result 11(78.57%)was in the age group 1-12 month and 3 (21.43%) their age was 13-24months, while no positive cases among other age groups, statistical analysis showed highly significant differences as shown in Figure (1) and Table (2). Patients with gastroenteritis were divided into three groups according to the various types of feeding, the highest infection rate of human astrovirus was noticed in patients who used artificial feeding 13(92.86%) followed by breastfeeding 1(7.14%), while there were no positive cases in children with mixed feeding.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Many microorganisms can cause gastroenteritis, such as bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungus. However, viral gastroenteritis is regarded as most common one [2]. Human astrovirus (HAstV) virions are 28-35nm in diameter, non-enveloped and icosahedral symmetry, Astroviruses are non-segmented single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses, it is now divided into two genera Mamastrovirus (MAstV), including viruses infecting mammals, and genus Avastrovirus (AAstV), including viruses infecting avian species [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Astrovirus and Cryptosporidium Co-infection among Children with Gastroenteritis in Diyala Governorate

Naif¹,

Hussein²,

Shaker³

et al. 2020

DJM

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Background: Gastroenteritis is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. The highest mortality from diarrheal diseases in children lived crowded areas were poor sanitary and hygienic conditions found. Objective: To determine the co-infections between human astrovirus and Cryptosporidium spp. among children with gastroenteritis below 5 years of age in the Diyala governorate. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for 100 patients with acute gastroenteritis who attended the Emergency Department of Pediatrics in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Pediatric in Baqubah city, during the period from July 2019 to February 2020. Real time-PCR was used to detect human astrovirus while enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect Cryptosporidium spp. A specific formula sheet was used to collect demographic data such as age, gender, mother education, and type of milk feeding. Results: Out of 100 samples, 14 samples were positive for human astrovirus and 38 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium. The infection rate is more common in males (9 cases) (25cases) rather than females, and in age group less than years 11(78.58%) and 34(89.47%) respectively. Artificial feeding showed higher frequencies of infection than others in the study population. Co-infection astrovirus and Cryptosporidium found in four patients, all of whom were males aged under one-year and the difference was statistically significant with all parameters. Conclusion: A high proportion of positive cases for human astrovirus and Cryptosporidium spp. were notes in males and the age group less than one year’s co-infection showed high frequency in the study population. Keywords: Gastroenteritis, human astrovirus, Cryptosporidium, co-infection

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Astrovirus and Cryptosporidium Co-infection among Children with Gastroenteritis in Diyala Governorate

Naif¹,

Hussein²,

Shaker³

et al. 2020

DJM

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“…Any recent exposure to antibiotics might influence the susceptibility of the host to AGE and its complications. An epidemiological study conducted at a single regional centre reported that recent antibiotic therapy in children increased the probability and severity of AGE [ 9 ]. However, this study may have been biased due to the small study population and inaccurate history of antibiotic use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Recent Exposure to Antibiotics a Risk Factor for Hospitalisation in Korean Children with Acute Non-Bacterial Gastroenteritis? A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Suh

Kwon

2021

Children

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of recent antibiotic therapy and probiotics on hospitalisation in children with acute gastroenteritis. Using a retrospective study design, data from the population aged up to 18 years were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. The duration of antibiotic therapy within 14 days of the index visit, prescription of probiotics at initial presentation, the effect size of antibiotic exposure on hospitalisation, and its modification by probiotics were assessed. Of 275,395 patients with acute gastroenteritis, 51,008 (18.5%) had prior exposure to antibiotics. Hospitalisation within 7 days of the index visit was positively associated with exposure to antibiotics (p-trend < 0.001). The prescription of probiotics (as a main effect; odds ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval 0.72–0.87) was associated with a decreased risk of hospitalisation. Prior exposure to antibiotics might be a significant risk factor for hospitalisation in children presenting with acute gastroenteritis. This may be favourably modified by administering probiotics at the initial presentation.

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“…Entre essas causas bacterianas graves, Salmonella não tifoide e Campylobacter sp são as causas mais comuns nos Estados Unidos. A taxa de incidência por 100.000 pessoas em 2016 foi estimada pelo programa de vigilância ativa controlada pelo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Food Net, com resultados como segue: Salmonella (15.4%),Campylobacter (11.8%), Shigella (4.6%), E. coli (2.8%), Vibrio (0.45%) 9 . A diarreia infecciosa está entre as principais causas de doença em todo o mundo e está associada a 1,5 a 2,5 milhões de mortes por ano 10 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diversidade Bacteriana Em Superfícies De Restaurantes De Palmas-To

Fonseca

Azevedo

Sanatana³

et al. 2019

Rev Pat Tocantins

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A urbanização, industrialização, profissionalização das mulheres e redução do tempo para preparação e / ou consumo de alimentos implicaram em um maior consumo de refeições extra domicílio. A contaminação cruzada em alimentos pode representar um risco às pessoas por aumentar a chance de desenvolver diversas patologias gastrointestinais. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as condições higiênicas sanitárias de cinco restaurantes de Palmas. As amostras foram coletadas entre abril de 2015 a fevereiro de 2016, na cidade de Palmas, Tocantins, de 5 restaurantes, em superfícies de utensílios, bancadas, bandejas, copos, tábuas e esponjas. Coletou-se em swab estéril por fricção e meio BHI para transporte e crescimento. Posteriormente foram submetidos a provas bioquímicas para diferenciação. Foram coletadas 50 amostras e encontradas onze cepas de bactérias. As mais prevalentes foram Sthaphylococcus sp (54,8%) e Klebsiella sp. (29%). Os objetos que apresentaram maior contaminação foram as bancadas de preparação (18,6%), as tábuas (13,6%) e as esponjas (11,8%). A partir dos dados apresentados no estudo fica evidente a necessidade de melhorias nos processos higiênico-sanitário dos restaurantes, com a finalidade de diminuir a contaminação, a disseminação de cepas possivelmente virulentas e as infecções gastrointestinais. Palavras-chave: microorganismos, restaurante, contaminação, utensílios. ABSTRACT Urbanization, industrialization, professionalization of women and reduction of the pace of preparation and / or consumption of food have led to a greater consumption of extra-household meals. Cross-contamination in food may be increasing the chance of increasing the chances of gastrointestinal. The objective of the study was to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of five restaurants in Palmas. The waters were collected between April 2015 and February 2016, in the city of Palmas, Tocantins, of 5 restaurants, in planks, trays, cups, boards and sponges. It was collected on sterile friction swab and BHI medium for transport and growth. Subsequently, they were submitted to a biochemical test for differentiation. Fifty samples were collected and found in bacterial strains. The most prevalent were Staphylococcus sp (54.8%) and Klebsiella sp. (29%). The problems of higher contamination were preparation benches (18.6%), boards (13.6%) and sponges (11.8%). From the data presented the analysis of hygiene and food consumption processes, with the purpose of reducing contamination, health dissemination and gastrointestinal infections. Keywords: microorganisms, restaurants, contamination, utensils.

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Evaluating Previous Antibiotic Use as a Risk Factor for Acute Gastroenteritis Among Children in Davidson County, Tennessee, 2014–2015

Abstract: Previous antibiotic use among children was associated with increased odds of AGE, irrespective of etiology, and this association was stronger with more recent antibiotic use. Previous antibiotic use was associated also with more severe AGE.

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Human Astrovirus and Cryptosporidium Co-infection among Children with Gastroenteritis in Diyala Governorate

Human Astrovirus and Cryptosporidium Co-infection among Children with Gastroenteritis in Diyala Governorate

Is Recent Exposure to Antibiotics a Risk Factor for Hospitalisation in Korean Children with Acute Non-Bacterial Gastroenteritis? A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Diversidade Bacteriana Em Superfícies De Restaurantes De Palmas-To

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