Evaluating Effect of Degree of Water Stress on Growth and Fecundity of Palmer amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>) Using Soil Moisture Sensors

Chahal, Parminder S.; Irmak, Suat; Jugulam, Mithila; Jhala, Amit J.

doi:10.1017/wsc.2018.47

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…The trend for the CPA to underreport seed was likely due to the exclusion of particles by digital filters. Based on these results, we are confident that the CPA can be used as a standard for seed counting as reliably as hand-counting, which has previously served as the scientific standard (Chahal, Irmak, Jugulam, & Jhala, 2018;Vila-Aiub, Gundel, & Preston, 2015).…”

Section: Accuracy Of Computerized Particle Analyzer Seed Countsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Quantification of palmer amaranth seed number using a computerized particle analyzer

Bertucci

Bartley

Jennings

et al. 2020

Agricultural & Env Letters

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We evaluated the accuracy of a computerized particle analyzer (CPA) for high‐throughput counting of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) seeds and subsequently used the CPA to verify the accuracy of two subsampling methods for estimation of Palmer amaranth seed production. To determine accuracy of the CPA, 55 hand‐counted samples, ranging from 500 to 5000 Palmer amaranth seeds, were drawn from field samples and counted with the CPA. The relationship between hand and CPA seed counts was described by a linear model (R2 = 0.99) with a slope of 0.987 and a y‐intercept of 3.49. Thus, very little discrepancy exists between seed counts conducted by hand or the CPA. Additionally, two published methods for estimation of Palmer amaranth seed production were compared to the CPA and proven to be highly accurate. We conclude from these findings that the CPA offers a high‐throughput alternative for weed scientists who frequently count large quantities of seed.

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Section: Accuracy Of Computerized Particle Analyzer Seed Countsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Quantification of palmer amaranth seed number using a computerized particle analyzer

Bertucci

Bartley

Jennings

et al. 2020

Agricultural & Env Letters

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“…There are also numerous studies indicating how seed production is influenced by environmental conditions, and how different species are impacted differently by climate stresses. The weed Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) is known for high levels of seed production, but this was reduced by 55% when moisture levels were at 75% of field capacity [59]; by contrast, Echinochloa colona (L.) Link (jungle rice) seed production maintained the same level at 50% of field capacity [60]. Thus, plants like E. colona are well-suited to proliferate and continue evolving drought tolerance as drought frequency increases as predicted under climate change.…”

Section: Seed Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Ways That Weed Evolution Defies Human Management Efforts Amidst a Changing Climate

Clements

Jones

2021

Agronomy

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The ability of weeds to evolve is key to their success, and the relationship between weeds and humans is marked by co-evolution going back to the agricultural revolution, with weeds evolving to counter human management actions. In recent years, climate change has emerged as yet another selection pressure imposed on weeds by humans, and weeds are likewise very capable of adapting to this latest stress of human origin. This review summarizes 10 ways this adaptation occurs: (1) general-purpose genotypes, (2) life history strategies, (3) ability to evolve rapidly, (4) epigenetic capacity, (5) hybridization, (6) herbicide resistance, (7) herbicide tolerance, (8) cropping systems vulnerability, (9) co-evolution of weeds with human management, and (10) the ability of weeds to ride the climate storm humans have generated. As pioneer species ecologically, these 10 ways enable weeds to adapt to the numerous impacts of climate change, including warming temperatures, elevated CO2, frequent droughts and extreme weather events. We conclude that although these 10 ways present formidable challenges for weed management, the novelty arising from weed evolution could be used creatively to prospect for genetic material to be used in crop improvement, and to develop a more holistic means of managing agroecosystems.

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“…The seeds of these reserves can be used for risk diversification, such as hedging risk with the germination strategy of long bets (Gremer and Venable 2014), and it is also helpful in maintaining the genetic and trait diversity of the population (Cabin et al 2000;Mandak et al 2012). In particular, many invasive annual spermatophytes, such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Dickerson and Sweet, 1971), Carrichtera annua (Cooke et al 2012), and Amaranthus palmeri (Chahal et al 2018), can produce a large number of seeds by the end of the growing season, so they are more likely to form an effective seed bank in a short time, accelerating the establishment and expansion of the population. These characteristics that are advantageous to invasive plants allow them to fundamentally change the native plant community structure (Mason et al 2007;Gioria and Osborne 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changes of Soil Seed Banks In Time Series Before And After The Invasive Artemisia Trifida Was Removed From Grassland

Wang

Liu

Dong

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Artemisia trifida (giant ragweed) is an invasive weed with an expanding distribution area. In recent years it has been found to invade grasslands, bringing great challenges for effective weed control and restoration of native herbage. Although it has been reported that plant invasion can cause a decline in species richness and biodiversity in native seed banks, which may eventually lead to the depletion of native seed banks, few location- and species-specific case studies have been conducted regarding the dynamic characteristics of the invaded seed banks from invasion back to restoration. The purpose of this study was to compare and quantify the seed banks of grassland communities after (1) giant ragweed invasion for 0-8 years, and (2) giant ragweed removal, in Yili Valley, Xinjiang, China. The results showed that the duration of invasion determined whether giant ragweed could pose a significant threat to the native community seed bank. The seed bank density of native community had significantly decreased by 30.44% after 4 years of invasion, and in the sixth year, the species richness in the seed bank had decreased significantly by 12.36%. After the invasion had lasted for eight years, the seed bank density of the native community had decreased by 83.28%, the species richness in the seed bank decreased by 39.33%, and the seed bank tended to be homogeneous. After the giant ragweed was removed, the potential for restoration was limited by the residual seed bank. Three years after the restoration, although the density of seed banks increased significantly, new growth was dominated by weedy species, rather than crucial components of the grassland habitat. This study is of great significance to the control of giant ragweed and the restoration of grassland vegetation invaded by giant ragweed.

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Evaluating Effect of Degree of Water Stress on Growth and Fecundity of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Using Soil Moisture Sensors

Cited by 31 publications

References 57 publications

Quantification of palmer amaranth seed number using a computerized particle analyzer

Quantification of palmer amaranth seed number using a computerized particle analyzer

Ten Ways That Weed Evolution Defies Human Management Efforts Amidst a Changing Climate

The Changes of Soil Seed Banks In Time Series Before And After The Invasive Artemisia Trifida Was Removed From Grassland

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