Evaluating Contrast Sensitivity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using a Novel Computer-Based Test, the Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity Test

Faria, Bruno; Duman, Fulya; Zheng, Cindy X; Waisbourd, Michael; Gupta, Lalita; Ali, Mohsin; Zangalli, Camila; Lu, Lihua; Wizov, Sheryl S.; Spaeth, Eric; Richman, Jesse; Spaeth, George L.

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000000474

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In early AMD patients with intact BCVA, studies have documented impaired short wavelength cone function 14 , reduced contrast sensitivity for central and peripheral vision 15, 16 , and reduced retinal sensitivity as measured by standard microperimetry 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Function Measures in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Chandramohan

Stinnett

Petrowski

et al. 2016

Retina

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Purpose The objectives of this study were to evaluate 1) the feasibility of performing computerized tests of low luminance visual acuity (LLVA), cone-specific contrast (CCT), contrast sensitivity, and microperimetry and 2) the test-retest repeatability of these outcomes in dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods This prospective study enrolled 30 subjects at a single site (8 controls, 8 early AMD and 12 intermediate AMD). Subjects underwent LLVA, contrast sensitivity, CCT, and microperimetry with eye tracking. Low luminance deficit (LLD) was defined as BCVA minus LLVA in EDTRS letters. Follow-up testing was administered at approximately one month. Results There was high test-retest repeatability at one month for all visual function metrics (intraclass correlations, ICC>0.7) except log contrast sensitivity (ICC 0.6). Compared to controls, patients with intermediate AMD showed significant deficits on BCVA, LLVA, LLD, percent reduced threshold on microperimetry, and red CCT (p<0.05), but not on contrast sensitivity, green and blue CCT. Conclusions This pilot study supports the feasibility and reliability of employing LLVA, microperimetry and CCT in early dry AMD. Our data suggests these measures can be employed as alternative future clinical trial endpoints. A larger prospective natural history study of alternative visual function measures in dry AMD is warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Function Measures in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Chandramohan

Stinnett

Petrowski

et al. 2016

Retina

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“…11 A recent study has found SPARCS to be useful for assessing CS in patients with age-related macular degeneration. 19 SPARCS has certain limitations including subject fatigue. A full SPARCS assessment of both eyes typically takes 5-10 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPARCS and Pelli–Robson contrast sensitivity testing in normal controls and patients with cataract

Gupta

Cvintal

Delvadia

et al. 2017

Eye

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Purpose To determine the ability of the newly developed internet-based Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity (SPARCS) test to assess contrast sensitivity centrally and peripherally in cataract subjects and controls, in comparison with the Pelli-Robson (PR) test. Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, cataract subjects and age-matched normal controls were evaluated using the SPARCS and PR tests. Contrast sensitivity testing was performed in each eye twice in a standardized testing environment in randomized order. SPARCS scores were obtained for central, right upper (RUQ), right lower (RLQ), left upper (LUQ), and left lower quadrants (LLQ). PR scores were obtained for central contrast sensitivity. PR and SPARCS scores in cataract subjects were compared with controls. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland Altman analysis were used to determine test-retest reliability and correlation. Results A total of 162 eyes from 84 subjects were analyzed: 43 eyes from 23 cataract subjects, and 119 eyes from 61 controls. The mean scores for SPARCS centrally were 13.4 and 14.5 in the cataract and control groups, respectively (P = 0.001). PR mean scores were 1.31 and 1.45 in cataract and control groups, respectively (Po0.001). ICC values for testretest reliability for cataract subjects were 0.75 for PR and 0.61 for the SPARCS total. There was acceptable agreement between the ability of PR and SPARCS to detect the effect of cataract on central contrast sensitivity. Conclusions Both SPARCS and PR demonstrate a significant influence of cataract on contrast sensitivity. SPARCS offers the advantage of determining contrast sensitivity peripherally and centrally, without being influenced by literacy.

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“…41,42 Although there is a significant correlation between CS and visual acuity in patients with AMD, they do not always progress at a similar rate. 43 The correlation between CS values at all spatial frequencies in POAG patients and NEI-VFQ-25 parameters was highest with the general score (r = 0.640) and lowest with ocular pain (r = 0.338). Hawkins et al 44 described statistically significant correlation between CS values, visual acuity and MD values of 24-2 visual field (r = − 0.370 and r = 0.57, respectively).…”

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Comparison of vision-related quality of life in primary open-angle glaucoma and dry-type age-related macular degeneration

Uğurlu

Altundal

Ekin

2016

Eye

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Purpose To compare quality of life (QoL) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and dry-type age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with similar bestcorrected visual acuity. Methods Age-, sex-, and visual acuitymatched POAG and dry AMD patients were included in the study. Each patient performed 24-2 and 10-2 SITA standard visual field tests. Contrast sensitivity was evaluated with CSV-1000 HGT instrument. The 25 item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was used to analyze QoL. Overall and subscale scores were converted to scores between 0 and 100, the higher scores indicating better visionrelated QoL. Results Overall NEI-VFQ-25 scores were 86.44 and 84.66 in glaucoma and AMD groups, respectively (P = 0.244). The highest scores were obtained in 'vision-related dependency' subgroup in glaucoma and 'color and peripheral vision' in AMD group, whereas the lowest scores were noted 'in peripheral vision' in both glaucoma and AMD patients. Glaucoma patients had significantly lower scores in ocular pain, color vision, and peripheral vision subgroups compared with the AMD group, whereas AMD patients had lower scores in near and distance vision activities, vision-related social activity, and dependency subgroups. Contrast sensitivity results and mean defect values showed correlation with NEI-VFQ-25 scores in both groups. Conclusions Glaucoma and AMD patients with similar visual acuity experienced similar overall impairment in QoL. However, glaucoma patients described more difficulty with peripheral vision and ocular pain, whereas AMD patients complained more about near and distance vision and dependency items.

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Evaluating Contrast Sensitivity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using a Novel Computer-Based Test, the Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity Test

Abstract: Spaeth/Richman Contrast Sensitivity test, a novel Internet-based method of testing CS, had significantly lower scores for patients with AMD compared with controls for central and peripheral vision. This test is a valuable tool for assessing CS in AMD.

Cited by 42 publications

References 30 publications

Visual Function Measures in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Visual Function Measures in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration

SPARCS and Pelli–Robson contrast sensitivity testing in normal controls and patients with cataract

Comparison of vision-related quality of life in primary open-angle glaucoma and dry-type age-related macular degeneration

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