2012
DOI: 10.1177/1356389011429629
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Evaluating complex and unfolding interventions in real time

Abstract: This article discusses an approach to managing the evaluation of complex interventions. Complex interventions pose significant challenges to the role and conduct of evaluations. In particular, they combine with reflexive learning and change to produce significant uncertainties making it hard to describe in advance what the intervention will do or what the outcomes might be. These uncertainties vary in nature and addressing these uncertainties leads to different evaluation approaches. That such evaluations ofte… Show more

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Cited by 99 publications
(114 citation statements)
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References 22 publications
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“…Evaluators can capture change processes in social network analysis (77) and in practice-based narratives to record the cause-and-consequence thinking, thoughts, feelings, strategies, and influence of context (111,112). Ling provides a six-stage approach for real-time synthesis of insiders' insights about causality as a complex intervention unfolds (78).…”
Section: Logic Modelingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Evaluators can capture change processes in social network analysis (77) and in practice-based narratives to record the cause-and-consequence thinking, thoughts, feelings, strategies, and influence of context (111,112). Ling provides a six-stage approach for real-time synthesis of insiders' insights about causality as a complex intervention unfolds (78).…”
Section: Logic Modelingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Las relaciones de causa y efecto resultan difíciles de establecer. La evaluación de este tipo de procesos requiere de metodologías de evaluación que toleren la incertidumbre; no se trata de ajustar herramientas convencionales (Ling, 2012).…”
Section: Complejidadunclassified
“…The risk in continuing to use inappropriate evaluation approaches is that evidence of effectiveness from high cost health promotion trials will continue to be weak (Hawe, Shiell, & Riley, 2004;Ling, 2012) and this will contribute to the marginalisation of the health promotion sector by funders and policy makers. The next section discusses more recent developments.…”
Section: Realistic Evaluationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Complex interventions are characterised by feedback loops, adaptations and multiple components (Ling, 2012) that may act independently or interdependently (Campbell et al, 2007). They have emergent objectives in response to changing needs, opportunities and challenges and their governance involves an emerging cast of partners and relationships.…”
Section: Plsek and Greenhalghmentioning
confidence: 99%