“…For the past 30 years, the influence of European Union (EU) policy guidelines in the processes of national and regional planning of its member states has been steadily increasing. This phenomenon is described in the literature as the ‘Europe effect’, or Europeanization, and is deemed to have had a significant impact on the shaping of concepts, guidelines and strategic orientations of member states’ public policies (Ladrech, ; Börzel and Risse, ; Cowles and Caporaso, ; Featherstone and Radaelli, ; Vink, ; Radaelli, ; Dühr et al ., ; Clark and Jones, ; Ladrech, ; Rovnyi and Bachmann, ; Luukkonen, ).…”