European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 1: aortic and pulmonary regurgitation (native valve disease)

Abstract

Valvular regurgitation represents an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography has become the primary non-invasive imaging method for the evaluation of valvular regurgitation. The echocardiographic assessment of valvular regurgitation should integrate quantification of the regurgitation, assessment of the valve anatomy, and function as well as the consequences of valvular disease on cardiac chambers. In clinical practice, the management of patients with valvular regurgitation thus largely integrates the results of echocardiography. It is crucial to provide standards that aim at establishing a baseline list of measurements to be performed when assessing regurgitation.

Impact of Flow and Left Ventricular Strain on Outcome of Patients With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Low Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement

“…6,13,14 Patients were also categorized as having an LV global longitudinal strain ≤-15% or >-15%. 7, [15][16][17] The end-point of the study was all-cause mortality. All patients were followed-up after AVR.…”

2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease

“…48 • Quantification of aortic regurgitation should follow an integrated approach considering all qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters 2,6 (Table 4).…”

“…6,48,49 In experienced centres, valve-sparing root replacement and valve repair, when feasible, yield good long-term results with low rates of valve-related events as well as better quality of life. [62][63][64][65] The choice of the surgical procedure should be adapted to the experience of the team, the presence of an aortic root aneurysm, characteristics of the cusps, life expectancy and desired anticoagulation status.…”

Noninvasive identification of left-sided heart failure in a population suspected of pulmonary arterial hypertension

“…Echocardiographic left atrial dilation was defined according to recommendations for chamber quantification from the American Society of Echocardiography [16]. Severity of valvular heart disease was assessed according to European Association of Echocardiography guidelines [17][18][19]. Echocardiographic parameters were scored by a cardiologist blinded to the diagnosis; ECG data were measured by an observer blinded to the definite diagnosis.…”