Etiology and Clinical Presentation of Astigmatism

Treatment of Pterygium on the Refractive Errors: A Systematic Review

“…Typically, a pterygium causes localized flattening at its central apex. Because this flattening occurs along the horizontal meridian, it usually results in WTR corneal astigmatism [ 10 , 11 ]. In 1998, Fong et al [ 12 ] were the first to observe that the excision of a pterygium generally reverses the corneal flattening induced by the pterygium.…”

Treatment of Pterygium on the Refractive Errors: A Systematic Review

“…Typically, a pterygium causes localized flattening at its central apex. Because this flattening occurs along the horizontal meridian, it usually results in WTR corneal astigmatism [ 10 , 11 ]. In 1998, Fong et al [ 12 ] were the first to observe that the excision of a pterygium generally reverses the corneal flattening induced by the pterygium.…”

A comparative analysis of the results of corneal astigmatism correction by toric IOL using various markup methods

“…По данным разных исследователей, астигматизм более 0,5 дптр встречается у 24,5-77 % населения всех стран мира [1], причем роговичный астигматизм более 1,0 дптр был обнаружен в 36,03 % случаев [2].…”

Treatment of Pterygium on the Refractive Errors: A Systematic Review

“…Typically, a pterygium causes localized flattening at its central apex. Because this flattening occurs along the horizontal meridian, it usually results in WTR corneal astigmatism [ 10 , 11 ]. In 1998, Fong et al [ 12 ] were the first to observe that the excision of a pterygium generally reverses the corneal flattening induced by the pterygium.…”

A comparative analysis of the results of corneal astigmatism correction by toric IOL using various markup methods

“…По данным разных исследователей, астигматизм более 0,5 дптр встречается у 24,5-77 % населения всех стран мира [1], причем роговичный астигматизм более 1,0 дптр был обнаружен в 36,03 % случаев [2].…”

Treatment of Pterygium on the Refractive Errors: A Systematic Review

“…Typically, a pterygium causes localized flattening at its central apex. Because this flattening occurs along the horizontal meridian, it usually results in WTR corneal astigmatism [ 10 , 11 ]. In 1998, Fong et al [ 12 ] were the first to observe that the excision of a pterygium generally reverses the corneal flattening induced by the pterygium.…”

A comparative analysis of the results of corneal astigmatism correction by toric IOL using various markup methods

“…По данным разных исследователей, астигматизм более 0,5 дптр встречается у 24,5-77 % населения всех стран мира [1], причем роговичный астигматизм более 1,0 дптр был обнаружен в 36,03 % случаев [2].…”