Ethylene degreening modulates health promoting phytochemicals in Rio Red grapefruit

Chaudhary, Priyanka R.; Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Patil, Bhimanagouda S.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.044

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, early studies on CLs focused on enhancing the commercial value of fruit juices by employing debittering methods that reduce the content of these secondary metabolites [1]. In the last decade, delayed bitterness has continued to attract interest from several research groups and a number of papers have been dedicated to studies on mechanisms underlying delayed bitterness [10][11][12][13][14], possible ways of reducing [15][16][17][18] or modulating [19][20][21][22][23] the formation of bitter limonoids [1] in citrus fruits and juice products. On the other hand, evaluation of biological activities of CLs have disclosed great potential for these phytochemicals that furnished the rational basis of traditional medicinal uses of CL-containing folk remedies [24][25][26][27][28][29] as well as modern nutraceutical products [29,30].…”

Section: Complexity and Evolution Of Citrus Limonoid Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

et al. 2016

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Citrus limonoids (CLs) are a group of highly oxygenated terpenoid secondary metabolites found mostly in the seeds, fruits and peel tissues of citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, oranges, pumellos, grapefruits, bergamots, and mandarins. Represented by limonin, the aglycones and glycosides of CLs have shown to display numerous pharmacological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and insecticidal among others. In this review, the chemistry and pharmacology of CLs are systematically scrutinised through the use of medicinal chemistry tools and structure-activity relationship approach. Synthetic derivatives and other structurally-related limonoids from other sources are include in the analysis. With the focus on literature in the past decade, the chemical classification of CLs, their physico-chemical properties as drugs, their biosynthesis and enzymatic modifications, possible ways of enhancing their biological activities through structural modifications, their ligand efficiency metrics and systematic graphical radar plot analysis to assess their developability as drugs are among those discussed in detail.

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Section: Complexity and Evolution Of Citrus Limonoid Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

et al. 2016

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“…Ethylene exposure at low concentrations during storage has been linked to compositional changes of citrus [15,16]. Li et al [10] observed lower ethanol levels in ‘Afourer’ mandarins during prolonged storage (10 weeks) in a low ethylene atmosphere while Mahler et al [17] found no effect on total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) levels in ‘Navelina’ orange stored under 0.5 µL L −1 ethylene at 5 or 20 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Exposure to Low Ethylene and Storage Temperatures Delays Calyx Senescence and Maintains ‘Afourer’ Mandarins and Navel Oranges Quality

Alhassan

Golding

Wills

et al. 2019

Foods

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Calyx browning and internal quality loss are major physiological causes for the loss of quality in citrus fruit during storage. While the symptoms of calyx senescence are only superficial, it can affect the appearance and consumer acceptability of citrus fruit. In this study, continuous ethylene exposure at different storage temperatures was investigated to assess their effect on calyx senescence and internal qualities in ‘Afourer’ mandarin and Navel orange fruit during storage. ‘Afourer’ mandarin fruit were stored at ≤0.001 (equivalent to ethylene-free air), 0.01, 0.1 and 1 µL L−1 of ethylene at either 5, 10 or 20 °C, whilst in a parallel experiment, Navel oranges were exposed to ≤0.001, 0.1 and 1 µL L−1 ethylene at either 1 or 10 °C. Changes in external and internal postharvest quality parameters were assessed for up to 8 weeks for ‘Afourer’ mandarins and 10 weeks for Navel oranges. At all storage temperatures, high levels of ethylene were found to increase the level of calyx senescence, weight loss, loss of fruit firmness and respiration rates. Also, there were significant effects of ethylene and storage temperatures on total soluble solids (TSS) content, titratable acidity (TA), and ethanol accumulation in both citrus species. Continuous exposure to high ethylene also significantly reduced vitamin C and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in ‘Afourer’ mandarins after 8 weeks of storage. Overall, ethylene treatments had a significant effect on both the external and internal qualities of the fruit during storage. The relationship between ethylene concentrations and storage temperatures demonstrate that lowering atmospheric ethylene levels at reduced storage temperatures maintain fruit quality during long term storage.

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“…Nowadays, studies on avonoids in grapefruit mainly focus on the peel and juice. Examples of studies in this area are an appraisal method for the composition and content of avonoids in grapefruit, 2,3 investigation of different varieties of avonoids and antioxidant activity in pomelo, 4 inuence of the avonoid content in grapefruit on physiological regulating mechanisms, 5,6 effect of grapefruit avonoids on gene expression, 7,8 modulation of grapefruit avonoid content during the process of production, storage, and processing, 9,10 research on the absorption of grapefruit avonoids, 11,12 grapefruit avonoid biosynthesis, 13,14 research on the effects of grapefruit avonoid extracts on weight control, 15 grapefruit avonoid and drug interactions, 16 and the like. However, there are very few studies on the golden pomelo, which is a specialty fruit of Lingnan and currently abundantly harvested in South China, especially in Meizhou City in Guangdong Province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%