Ethylene

Impact of Initial Surface Roughness and Aging on Coke Formation during Ethane Steam Cracking

“…It has been reported that because of multiple coking–decoking cycles, tube surface becomes rougher with time on stream . As can be seen in Figure , an increase by at most a factor of 3 was observed for surface roughnesses below 1.3 μm after cyclic aging, while for surface roughnesses from 2.6 μm onward, there is a slight tendency toward a decrease in roughness with aging.…”

“…As shown in Figure , preoxidation does not significantly influence the initial surface roughness. A newly spun-cast coil in industry has an inner surface roughness lower than 3.2 μm; hence, the investigated surface roughness range covers the inner surface of freshly manufactured steam cracking coils. Table S.2 also reports the results of coke formation during ethane steam cracking in the JSR reactor.…”

Impact of Initial Surface Roughness and Aging on Coke Formation during Ethane Steam Cracking

“…It has been reported that because of multiple coking–decoking cycles, tube surface becomes rougher with time on stream . As can be seen in Figure , an increase by at most a factor of 3 was observed for surface roughnesses below 1.3 μm after cyclic aging, while for surface roughnesses from 2.6 μm onward, there is a slight tendency toward a decrease in roughness with aging.…”

“…As shown in Figure , preoxidation does not significantly influence the initial surface roughness. A newly spun-cast coil in industry has an inner surface roughness lower than 3.2 μm; hence, the investigated surface roughness range covers the inner surface of freshly manufactured steam cracking coils. Table S.2 also reports the results of coke formation during ethane steam cracking in the JSR reactor.…”

Light- and Heat-Responsive Frustrated Lewis Pair Enables On-Demand Fixation of Ethylene

“…Therefore, the intermediacy of a triplet excited state is suggested. Second, it was found that when the reaction of 1 with cis-2-butene was conducted, FLP−alkene adduct 2h having trans orientation of two Me groups was obtained selectively without a cis isomer, and isomerization of cis-2butene to trans-2-butene was also observed by 1 H NMR (cis/ trans = 1:2; Figure 4b). Since no isomerization of cis-2-butene occurred under the photoirradiation conditions without FLP 1 or heating conditions in the presence of 1 (Figure 4c), these results indicate that the reaction proceeds stepwise and is reversible.…”

Manganese‐containing redox catalysts for selective hydrogen combustion under a cyclic redox scheme

“…Gas hourly space velocity (GHSV, h −1 ) is an important process condition to consider. Typical ethane steam cracking units operate at a GHSV range of 1800–8000 h −1 STP . Figure illustrates the effect of changing space velocity with the relatively less active Na 2 WO 4 /Mg 6 MnO 8 redox catalyst (Figure a) and the more active Na 2 WO 4 /CaMnO 3 redox catalyst (Figure b).…”

Impact of Initial Surface Roughness and Aging on Coke Formation during Ethane Steam Cracking

“…It has been reported that because of multiple coking–decoking cycles, tube surface becomes rougher with time on stream . As can be seen in Figure , an increase by at most a factor of 3 was observed for surface roughnesses below 1.3 μm after cyclic aging, while for surface roughnesses from 2.6 μm onward, there is a slight tendency toward a decrease in roughness with aging.…”

“…As shown in Figure , preoxidation does not significantly influence the initial surface roughness. A newly spun-cast coil in industry has an inner surface roughness lower than 3.2 μm; hence, the investigated surface roughness range covers the inner surface of freshly manufactured steam cracking coils. Table S.2 also reports the results of coke formation during ethane steam cracking in the JSR reactor.…”

Light- and Heat-Responsive Frustrated Lewis Pair Enables On-Demand Fixation of Ethylene

“…Therefore, the intermediacy of a triplet excited state is suggested. Second, it was found that when the reaction of 1 with cis-2-butene was conducted, FLP−alkene adduct 2h having trans orientation of two Me groups was obtained selectively without a cis isomer, and isomerization of cis-2butene to trans-2-butene was also observed by 1 H NMR (cis/ trans = 1:2; Figure 4b). Since no isomerization of cis-2-butene occurred under the photoirradiation conditions without FLP 1 or heating conditions in the presence of 1 (Figure 4c), these results indicate that the reaction proceeds stepwise and is reversible.…”

Manganese‐containing redox catalysts for selective hydrogen combustion under a cyclic redox scheme

“…Gas hourly space velocity (GHSV, h −1 ) is an important process condition to consider. Typical ethane steam cracking units operate at a GHSV range of 1800–8000 h −1 STP . Figure illustrates the effect of changing space velocity with the relatively less active Na 2 WO 4 /Mg 6 MnO 8 redox catalyst (Figure a) and the more active Na 2 WO 4 /CaMnO 3 redox catalyst (Figure b).…”

Impact of Initial Surface Roughness and Aging on Coke Formation during Ethane Steam Cracking

“…It has been reported that because of multiple coking–decoking cycles, tube surface becomes rougher with time on stream . As can be seen in Figure , an increase by at most a factor of 3 was observed for surface roughnesses below 1.3 μm after cyclic aging, while for surface roughnesses from 2.6 μm onward, there is a slight tendency toward a decrease in roughness with aging.…”

“…As shown in Figure , preoxidation does not significantly influence the initial surface roughness. A newly spun-cast coil in industry has an inner surface roughness lower than 3.2 μm; hence, the investigated surface roughness range covers the inner surface of freshly manufactured steam cracking coils. Table S.2 also reports the results of coke formation during ethane steam cracking in the JSR reactor.…”

Light- and Heat-Responsive Frustrated Lewis Pair Enables On-Demand Fixation of Ethylene

“…Therefore, the intermediacy of a triplet excited state is suggested. Second, it was found that when the reaction of 1 with cis-2-butene was conducted, FLP−alkene adduct 2h having trans orientation of two Me groups was obtained selectively without a cis isomer, and isomerization of cis-2butene to trans-2-butene was also observed by 1 H NMR (cis/ trans = 1:2; Figure 4b). Since no isomerization of cis-2-butene occurred under the photoirradiation conditions without FLP 1 or heating conditions in the presence of 1 (Figure 4c), these results indicate that the reaction proceeds stepwise and is reversible.…”

Manganese‐containing redox catalysts for selective hydrogen combustion under a cyclic redox scheme

“…Gas hourly space velocity (GHSV, h −1 ) is an important process condition to consider. Typical ethane steam cracking units operate at a GHSV range of 1800–8000 h −1 STP . Figure illustrates the effect of changing space velocity with the relatively less active Na 2 WO 4 /Mg 6 MnO 8 redox catalyst (Figure a) and the more active Na 2 WO 4 /CaMnO 3 redox catalyst (Figure b).…”