Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Chinese Salvia species: A review

Xu, Jun; Wei, Kunhua; Zhang, Guojun; Lei, Lu-Jing; Yang, Dawei; Wang, Wenle; Han, Qi-Heng; Xia, Yuan; Bi, Ya-Qiong; Yang, Min; Li, Min-Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.029

Cited by 121 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Catechin can improve mitochondrial function and relieve apoptosis through promoting activation of AKT cell signaling [23], suggesting a mechanism that might prevent neuronal death. Salvia species contain phytochemicals as terpenoids, diterpenoids, and phenolic acids with pharmacological activities for the treatment of cardiovascular, immune, hepatic, and renal diseases [55] Likewise, components of Salvia mitiorrhiza, such as polyphenols, tanshinones, and phenolics, protect against brain disease [56]. These results indicate that the extracts with the highest level of protection against free radical species but with the lowest level of cytotoxicity to neurons could be good candidates for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress in the brain.…”

Section: Extracts Prevent Oxidative Stress Induced By Excitotoxicity mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Some Species of the Annonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae Families against Neuronal Damage Induced by Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to compare the antioxidant activities of extracts obtained from three plant families and evaluate their therapeutic effect on strokes. Ethanol extracts were obtained from either the leaf or the aerial parts of plants of the families Annonaceae (Annona cherimola, A. diversifolia, A. muricata, A. purpurea, and A. reticulata), Lamiaceae (Salvia amaríssima and S. polystachya), and Geraniaceae (Geranium niveum and G. mexicanum). Extracts were analyzed in terms of hydroxyl radical (OH•), peroxyl radical (ROO•), and superoxide anion (O2•−). The efficiency of the extracts to prevent neuronal death induced by excitotoxicity was tested with the tetrazolium assay, the O2•− scavenging capacity was evaluated with the dihydroethidium dye, and the protective effect of the extracts with the highest antioxidant activity was tested on a stroke experimental model. The extracts’ IC50 values (μg/mL) of scavenging varied from 98.9 to 155.04, 4.5 to 102.4, and 20.2 to 118.97 for OH•, ROO•, and O2•−, respectively. In the excitotoxicity model, Annonaceae extracts were highly cytotoxic while Lamiaceae and Geraniaceae reduced intracellular O2•− production and protect neurons against oxidative stress. Salvia polystachya reduced cerebral damage, as well as improved survival and behavior after ischemia. Our results encouraged the use of plant extracts as natural antioxidants to minimize neuronal injury following stroke.

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Section: Extracts Prevent Oxidative Stress Induced By Excitotoxicity mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Some Species of the Annonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae Families against Neuronal Damage Induced by Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia

et al. 2020

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“…In the past few years, Danshen and its medical products have become popular around the world because of the broad-spectrum therapeutic effects of this herb and its lack of apparent adverse effects (11,33). If tanshinone could inhibit the formation of S. epidermidis biofilms, it might be a better choice than vancomycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tanshinone is the major chemical compound isolated from the root of the Asian medicinal herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (Danshen) (10,11). Known as Danshen in China and first recorded as a "top-grade" herb in Sheng Nong's Herbal Classic (A.D. 102 -200), S. miltiorrhiza has been used for treating cardiovascular diseases and neurasthenic insomnia for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cryptotanshinone on Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Formation Under In Vitro Conditions

Hui

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis causes prosthetic valve endocarditis, urinary tract infection, and implant-related infections. These are difficult to treat often due to drug resistance, particularly because S. epidermidis biofilms are inherently resistant to most antibiotics. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a kind of sichuan-specific medicinal herb, and has effective ingredients, such as cryptotanshinone. Cryptotanshinone was demonstrated to have anti-microbial properties and no resistance. Objectives: The current study investigated the effects of cryptotanshinone on S. epidermidis biofilm formation, and found new agents controlling S. epidermidis biofilm formation and resistance caused by biofilm. Methods: The effects were further analyzed by crystal violet assay (CV), 2, 3-bis [2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5carboxanilide inner salt assay (XTT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The qRT-PCR assay was used to determine the expressions of biofilm key genes, including icaA, atlE, aap and luxS. Results: The amount treated by cryptotanshinone was reduced compared with the non-treating group, so did the metabolic activity inside the biofilm. Even the micro-structure was destroyed with cryptotanshinone. The expressions of biofilm key genes, including icaA, atlE, aap, and luxS, were down-regulated by cryptotanshinone. Conclusions: There is new insight that cryptotanshinone could inhibit immature biofilms and the down-regulations of icaA, atlE, aap, and luxS might explain this inhibitory effect.

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“…The Chinese pharmacopeia stipulates that the medicinal part of S. miltiorrhiza is its dried root. There are two main bioactive components of S. miltiorrhiza, lipophilic tanshinones, and hydrophilic phenolic acids [2]. More than 40 tanshinones and 20 hydrophilic phenolic acids have been isolated and identified from S. miltiorrhiza [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis reveals the GRAS family in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots in response to gibberellin

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Salvia miltiorrhiza is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal plants with high medicinal value. Gibberellins are growth-promoting phytohormones that regulate numerous growth and developmental processes. However, their role in regulating secondary metabolism has not been investigated. Results: In this study, we found that GA can promote hairy roots growth and increase the content of tanshinones and phenolic acids. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that secondary metabolism pathway genes were enriched in the GA-responded. After further analysis of the changes of GA signaling pathway genes, it was found that the GRAS transcription factors family had a significant response to GA. We identified 35 SmGRAS genes in S. miltiorrhiza. SmGRAS genes can be divided into ten subfamilies in which members of the same subfamily showed similar conserved motifs and gene structures, suggesting the possible conserved functions.Conclusions: Most SmGRAS genes are significantly responsive to GA, indicating that they may play an important role in the GA signaling pathway and participate in GA regulation of root growth and secondary metabolism in S. miltiorrhiza.

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Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Chinese Salvia species: A review

Cited by 121 publications

References 40 publications

Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Some Species of the Annonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae Families against Neuronal Damage Induced by Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia

Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effects of Some Species of the Annonaceae, Lamiaceae, and Geraniaceae Families against Neuronal Damage Induced by Excitotoxicity and Cerebral Ischemia

Effect of Cryptotanshinone on Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Formation Under In Vitro Conditions

Transcriptome analysis reveals the GRAS family in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots in response to gibberellin

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