Ethnomedicine of the Cherokee: historical and current applications

Noé, Jody E.

doi:10.1016/s1572-557x(02)80019-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…No documented botanical materials were recovered from Holliston Mills. However, based on abundant ethnohistoric evidence for traditional Cherokee medicine, Burial 86 may have experienced care in the form of shamanistic medicinal rituals and plant‐based therapies, possibly for sores/gummata, infection, and pain relief (e.g., Arnica and Biennial wormwood) (Mooney & Olbrechts, ; Noé, ). These could have involved extra costs and effort for Burial 86 and their family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, even in a large town, Burial 86's relative inability to engage in subsistence activities and physical labor that were consistent and intensive for other adult community members, especially in adulthood (see Lloyd, ) may have incurred a drain on some community resources. Furthermore, there is no reason for Burial 86 or their community to think that they would eventually be “cured.” Neither the fracture, especially once healed, nor the treponematosis could have been resolved with available medical technologies (see Mooney & Olbrechts, ; Noé, ). Treponematosis also a chronic condition (Mitjà et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying the Index of Care to the Mississippian period: A case study of treponematosis, physical impairment, and probable health‐related caregiving from the Holliston Mills site, TN

Zuckerman

Kamnikar

Osterholtz

et al. 2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Bioarchaeologists and palaeopathologists have recently turned their attention towards one critical aspect of the study of the history of disease: health‐related caregiving. In response, an approach, the bioarchaeology of care, and, within it, the web‐based Index of Care (IoC) have been developed to enable the identification and interpretation of past caregiving. Here, we apply the IoC to Burial 86, a young adult (18–25 years) female from the late Mississippian period, Dallas cultural phase Holliston Mills site (40HW11; ca. ad 1348–1535), TN. Burial 86 exhibits pathologies specific to treponematosis. They also exhibit a suite of pathologies indicative of physical impairment, including a varus angular deformity in the right tibia that is potentially the result of a malaligned pathological fracture. Following the IoC, we determine that Burial 86 probably experienced moderate clinical impacts on several domains (e.g., musculoskeletal system) with various functional impacts on essential activities of daily living. This means that Burial 86 likely had a disability and likely received caregiving, though it is impossible to determine if the care was efficacious. That care was provided likely reflected the community of Holliston Mills' more egalitarian socio‐political structure, which was unusual for the late Mississippian. It may also reflect Burial 86's agency, the presence of adequate resources at the site, as indicated by high frequencies of high status mortuary artifacts, or a combination of these factors. The mortuary program for Burial 86 does not indicate that they were marked as being different—in status or other social categories—than other community members. This study highlights how bioarchaeological evidence can be used to explore the downstream effects of chronic infections, such as treponematosis, throughout the body and across the life course, and the opportunities for health‐related caregiving in past societies that these processes can potentially create.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Index of Care to the Mississippian period: A case study of treponematosis, physical impairment, and probable health‐related caregiving from the Holliston Mills site, TN

Zuckerman

Kamnikar

Osterholtz

et al. 2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

Kemprai

Mahanta

Sut

et al. 2019

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Safrole, a phenylpropene with a ‘candy shop’ aroma, is abundant in nature among diverse plant genera such as Sassafras, Ocotea, Cinnamomum, Myristica, and Piper. Sassafras oil has been used extensively for a long time, first by Native Americans and later by European settlers in traditional medicine and as a flavouring agent. Until 1960 the consumption of safrole by the western population, as a flavouring agent in beer, meat, and soft drinks, was unregulated. Later, the recognition of this phytochemical as a weak hepatocarcinogen with demonstrated genotoxicity in rodents led to strict restrictions on its use in food by various regulatory bodies globally. Moreover, in Asian countries oral carcinogenesis has been linked to safrole through the habit of chewing betel quid. As a separate issue, safrole is an inexpensive synthetic precursor to the illicit recreational drug Ecstasy. Accelerating demand for this party drug during the last few decades has encouraged the unscientific harvesting, illegal production, and trading of safrole‐rich oils, leading to massive deforestation. Recently, many government authorities have enforced laws to restrict the production and harvesting of safrole‐bearing plants. Thus, the identity of safrole has altered with time from a pleasant flavouring agent to a hepatocarcinogen, and more recently as a driver of the destruction of biodiversity. Law enforcement has not only hampered its availability but has also extensively affected industrial use. Our review describes the research progress (1960–2018) on its natural distribution, carcinogenicity, usage as a natural synthon, and the regulations imposed on safrole and safrole‐rich oils worldwide. Finally, we draw our readers’ attention to the sustainable use of this phytochemical for a better future.

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Chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and uses of common ayurvedic medicinal plants: a future source of new drugs

Kaushik

Ahlawat

Singh

et al. 2021

ADV TRADIT MED (ADTM)

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Ethnomedicine of the Cherokee: historical and current applications

Cited by 3 publications

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Applying the Index of Care to the Mississippian period: A case study of treponematosis, physical impairment, and probable health‐related caregiving from the Holliston Mills site, TN

Applying the Index of Care to the Mississippian period: A case study of treponematosis, physical impairment, and probable health‐related caregiving from the Holliston Mills site, TN

Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

Chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and uses of common ayurvedic medicinal plants: a future source of new drugs

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