Ethical Issues in Patient Safety Research

Whicher, Danielle; Kass, Nancy E.; Audera-Lopez, Carmen; Butt, Mobasher; Jauregui, Iciar Larizgoitia; Harris, Kendra; Knoche, Jonathan W.; Saxena, Abha

doi:10.1097/pts.0000000000000064

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Most importantly, other systematic qualitative reviews of normative information already demonstrated the instrumental value of this approach for a descriptive and stakeholder-oriented analysis and synthesis of normative arguments [18, 19, 28]. Additionally, we found this approach to be more grounded in the actual theoretical discussions in the public health ethics literature than, for example, an approach relying on the authors’ statement in the abstract to discuss ethical issues (which other reviews relied on [48]). Second, we also chose one particular principlist framework over possible alternatives [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Ethical issues in public health surveillance: a systematic qualitative review

Klingler¹,

Silva

Schuermann

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundPublic health surveillance is not ethically neutral and yet, ethics guidance and training for surveillance programmes is sparse. Development of ethics guidance should be based on comprehensive and transparently derived overviews of ethical issues and arguments. However, existing overviews on surveillance ethics are limited in scope and in how transparently they derived their results. Our objective was accordingly to provide an overview of ethical issues in public health surveillance; in addition, to list the arguments put forward with regards to arguably the most contested issue in surveillance, that is whether to obtain informed consent.MethodsEthical issues were defined based on principlism. We assumed an ethical issue to arise in surveillance when a relevant normative principle is not adequately considered or two principles come into conflict. We searched Pubmed and Google Books for relevant publications. We analysed and synthesized the data using qualitative content analysis.ResultsOur search strategy retrieved 525 references of which 83 were included in the analysis. We identified 86 distinct ethical issues arising in the different phases of the surveillance life-cycle. We further identified 20 distinct conditions that make it more or less justifiable to forego informed consent procedures.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic qualitative review of ethical issues in public health surveillance resulting in a comprehensive ethics matrix that can inform guidelines, reports, strategy papers, and educational material and raise awareness among practitioners.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4200-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Ethical issues in public health surveillance: a systematic qualitative review

Klingler¹,

Silva

Schuermann

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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“…D.W. ultimately excluded 12 articles, as they did not meet the aims of this current work on final review." [40] Explanation: In order to synthesize, the extracted data may need some transformation (processing). Authors should report how they planned to evaluate and handle between-study variability (e.g.…”

Section: Entreq)mentioning

confidence: 99%

RESERVE - REporting of SystEmatic ReViews in Ethics: development, explanations and examples

Kahrass,

Borry,

Gastmans

et al. 2023

bioethopenres

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Background Systematic reviews (SR) are well elaborated and established for synthesizing statistical information, for example of clinical studies, for determining whether a clinical intervention is effective. SRs are also becoming more and more popular in bioethics. However, the established approach of conducting and reporting cannot be transferred to SRs on ethically sensible questions directly. This is because the object of investigation is not statistical information, but conceptual or normative information, e.g. ethical norms, principles, arguments or conclusions. There is evidence that the quality of reporting of SRs on ethics literature could be improved in many regards. Although insufficient reporting is not a problem specific to bioethics, as poorly reported manuscripts are also very common in SRs in e.g. medicine, authors of such SRs have the possibility to follow existing reporting guidelines (e.g. PRISMA). Method An international group of authors with years of experience in conducting and reviewing SRs on ethics literature developed a reporting guideline for this specific area of application (RESERVE). The relevant background was provided by two reporting guidelines: PRISMA for systematic reviews and ENTREQ due to the importance of qualitative research approaches. Results RESERVE has 22 items and is intended to provide authors of SRs on ethics literature with all information necessary for an adequate reporting. It also allows readers, reviewers and journal editors critically evaluating the presented results and conclusions made. In this paper, we explain the rationale and give examples for each item. Conclusions While we acknowledge heterogeneity on how to conduct a SR on ethics literature, we still maintain that there is a need for general reporting standards for improving transparency, understandability and verifiability. We invite authors of SRs on ethics literature to test and evaluate the usefulness of RESERVE. We hope for a critical discussion of the guideline and welcome its broad implementation.

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“…Morality is about the question "what is right?" and about respect for human values, e.g., in bio-medical research: respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice [19,[34][35][36]. Rahanu et al also mentions fidelity, reparation (undo damage done to others), justice, beneficence, self-improvement, gratitude and non-injury [29].…”

Section: Moral and Ethical Principles In A Range Of Situations In Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Involving Moral and Ethical Principles in Safety Management Systems

Lindhout

Reniers

2021

IJERPH

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Some organisations, and some individual humans, violate moral and ethical rules, whether or not they are written down in laws or codes of conduct. Corporate transgressions, as this behaviour is called, occur because of the actions of those in charge, usually bright and dedicated people. Immoral and unethical conduct can adversely affect the safety of workers, the general public and the environment. A scoping review method for a literature search is used to explore morality and ethics in relation to health and safety management. Our findings show that controlling the risks associated with misconduct and corporate transgression is not usually seen as a responsibility allocated to safety systems but is left to general management and corporate governance. The moral and ethical principles, however, can be applied in safety management systems to prevent misconduct and transgression-related safety risks. Our results show that ethical leadership, ethical behaviour, sustaining an ethical climate and implementation of an ethical decision-making process emerge as key preventive measures. The discussion presents a proposed way to include these measures in safety management systems. Conclusion and recommendations underline that unwanted behaviour and transgression risks can be brought under control, starting from a set of best practices. Not only the managers themselves but also board members, independent external supervisors and government regulators need to embrace these practices.

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Ethical Issues in Patient Safety Research

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Ethical issues in public health surveillance: a systematic qualitative review

Ethical issues in public health surveillance: a systematic qualitative review

RESERVE - REporting of SystEmatic ReViews in Ethics: development, explanations and examples

Involving Moral and Ethical Principles in Safety Management Systems

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