Ethical Climate and its Relationship with Perceived Organizational Justice: A Field Study in the Banking Sector of the City of Tokat

Determinants of ethical work behaviour of Malaysian public sector auditors

“…These perceptions are expected influence the ethical decision making and behaviour of individual members of the organisation (Victor and Cullen, 1988). Although Victor and Cullen (1988) proposed nine theoretically possible ethical climates, empirical studies have revealed that five ethical climates are most prevalent in organisations: first, the instrumental climate where people protect their own interest above all else; second, the caring climate, where the major consideration is what is best for everyone in the organisation; third, the independence climate where each person in the organisation decides for him/herself what is right and wrong based on his or her deeply-held values; fourth, the rules climate, where everyone is expected to conform to organisational rules and procedures; and fifth, the law and code climate, where people are expected to comply with the law and professional standards (Cullen et al , 1993; Martin and Cullen, 2006; Mumcu and Döven, 2016; Olayiwola, 2016). Victor and Cullen (1988) developed the ethical climate questionnaire (ECQ) to enable researchers to assess the prevalent ethical climate of an organisation based on the collective perceptions of the members of that organisation.…”