Urban drainage is influenced by the frequency of floods, the increase of diffuse pollution and the degradation of water quality. As a component of research projects FINEP/MAPLU "Urban Water Management" and FAPESP-IAV "Assessment of Impacts and Vulnerability to Climate Change in Brazil and Strategies for Adaptation Options", this study aimed to do experimental analyses and quali-quantitative modeling of diffuse pollution of urban drainage based on ecohydrology. The study was developed at the urban area of São Carlos, in 5 subbasins with drainage area between 3,4 and 75,6 km². The urbanization varies between 0 and 100% and the runoff potential (CN) between 58 to 95. Evaluating the continuity of the river, we can notice the impact of urbanization in decreasing water quality from upstream to downstream. Experimental analyses were made in 14 points and the quality variables oscillated between 235-35.000 kg/km²/yr to COD; 0-7300 kg/km²/yr to BOD; 0-1378 kg/km²/yr to N-NH3; 0-133 kg/km²/yr to total phosphorus and 7,8x104-1,3x107 MPN/km²/ano to fecal coliform. The highest values of specific charge for COD, N-NH3 and phosphorus were observed at sub-basins with high degree of urbanization. Two ecohydrological indicators were estimated. The continuity indicator X1, relates to the number of lateral affluents and to the length of the river. X18 is related to vulnerability, and obtained by the product between velocity and depth. The indicator X1 showed different behaviors in sub-basins, while X18 increased in direction upstream to downstream. Both indicators didn't show a tipical behavior. Mathematical modeling used SWMM model to simulate scenarios of macrodrainage based on land use changes adapted from Millenium Ecosystem Assessment. Rainfall of project with return period of 10 years was used to simulate scenarios in all subbasins according to the macrozoning, ranging values for runoff potential (CN), slope and rugosity coefficient. The scenarios were simulated with horizons of use and occupation for the years 2025, 2050, 2075 e 2100. The reactive scenarios ("GO" and "OS") showed maximum specific flow and maximum specific load higher than the proactives scenarios ("AM" and "TG"). The results indicated that the variability quali-quantitative of an urban drainage is affected by antropogenic factors, like wastewater and lack of planning, and also by ecohydrologic criteria. This fact sugests the necessity of a significant increase in the monitoring and simulations quali-quantitaives of the diffuse pollution in urban drainage.