Estimation of residual tensile strength of composite laminate after low-velocity impact using visually inspection

Mirbagheri, Mohammadreza; Rahmani, O.; Mirbagheri, Yaser

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105898

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Based on results from previous studies, 14,16,29,30 CL-1 is most likely related to the matrix-cracking mode, and as the degree of damage becomes more severe, fiber debonding, most likely represented by C-2, occurs. Before reaching the failure loading, fiber breakage damage, most likely represented by C-3, appears.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Amplitude and peak frequency (PF) were used to analyze the AE signals. 14,16 Referring to other studies of composite material damage, 15,16,29 it is found in general that common composite damage is of three types: matrix cracking, fiber debonding, and fiber breaking, so the AE signal cluster number was chosen to be three. Analyzing the data shown in Figure 5 shows that three clusters referred to as CL-1, CL-2 and CL-3 are clearly separated by amplitude and peak frequency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when there is indentation on the samples, each cluster's peak frequency decreases as the off-axis angle increases, as shown for specimen type B 0 , B 30 , and B 45 . Based on results from previous studies, 14,16,29,30 CL-1 is most likely related to the matrix-cracking mode, and as the degree of damage becomes more severe, fiber debonding, most likely represented by C-2, occurs. Before reaching the failure loading, fiber breakage damage, most likely represented by C-3, appears.…”

Section: Cluster Analysis For Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It seems that with a single parameter characterization of AE signals, it is difficult to fully describe the damage behavior for the specimen. To provide additional insights with the AE signals, multi-parameter analysis [14][15][16] for AE signals will be applied for the next section.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Since many studies of lowvelocity impact have compared low-velocity impact with quasi-static indentation, [8][9][10][11][12] such indentation has been used to simulate the actual low-velocity damage while neglecting the vibrational effects. Since an indentation formed during low-velocity impact can cause severe delamination and multiple matrix cracking, it is important and interesting to more completely understand the internal damage after a low-velocity impact, [13][14][15] including both how it evolves and influences a composite's residual strength, and how to improve a composite's low-velocity impact resistance and load-carrying capacities. 16 Much work has been done in studying compression after impact (CAI) in composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of off-axis angle on the low velocity impact behaviors for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminates

Pei

Long

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Three types of composite specimens with different off-axis angles after indentation were subjected to progressive tensile loading, and the results showed that although the tensile strength is reduced with an increase in off-axis fiber orientation angle, such off-axial structure can enhance the impact-resistance capacity. An acoustic emission (AE) signals analysis showed that data can be divided into categories that correlate with three damage modes. The AE peak frequency characteristics of each damage mode were also identified for both specimens with and without indentation, and the results also showed that indentation can change the order of appearance of different damage modes during loading. Additional characterization was provided by using Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) during a progressive tensile loading process, and the CT images provided visualization of damage location and evolution in the composites, with the data exhibiting good correlations with the AE data for defect prediction. The use of AE and Micro-CT technology was shown to effectively characterize composite damage evolution, and such data can potentially serve as a reference for the structural health monitoring (SHM) of such composites when used in structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cluster Analysis For Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Analysis Of the Acoustic Emission Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of off-axis angle on the low velocity impact behaviors for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminates

Pei

Long

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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The effect of composite materials interfacial discontinuities on the impact safety of future composite rail vehicles

Xue,

Robinson,

Zhang

2024

Engineering Reports

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In contrast to single‐phase materials the manufacturing process of composites creates multiscale interfaces among constituent materials and between laminar multilayers. Targeting the interfaces in these composite structures, this paper presents a perspective study on the impact safety of potential future composite rail vehicles. The aim is to conceptually explore the key role of interfacial discontinuities of composite material structures as they are a critical issue affecting the impact performance of future composite rail vehicles. Following a theoretical description, the issues are addressed in two parts. First, composite materials are characteristically analyzed from the perspective of their interfacial discontinuities within the materials and between the laminate multilayers to identify their influence. Second, the structural conditions required for crashworthiness are determined in relation to the dual requirements of global stability and local deformability for efficient energy absorption. The key findings are: (1) The interfacial discontinuities of the material phases and the designed structural assemblies need to be tailored for crashworthiness performance and (2) Global stability and locally deformability are the key dual requirements for the energy absorbing progressive deformations that are essential for application of composite for crashworthiness of rail vehicles. The research conceptually explores a key issue of the impact mechanics of composite structures from the perspective of impact safety of composite rail vehicles.

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Experimental investigations into damage mechanism in the low‐velocity impact and tension‐after‐impact testing of z‐pin reinforced curved CFRP composite

Liu,

Sang,

Jin

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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This paper studies the influence of z‐pins on the impact resistance and residual tensile properties of composite large curvature components through low‐velocity impact and tension‐after‐impact tests to explore the damage mechanism. Unpinned and z‐pinned specimens with different diameters (0.3 and 0.5 mm) and spacing (3, 4, and 5 mm) were impacted at energies of 28 J and 14 J + 14 J and were stretched until failure. The theoretical models were used to predict impact dent depth and tensile strength, and the effectiveness of z‐pins and damage patterns were characterized by force‐time/displacement curves and through visual observation. The agreement between the experiments and predictions can thus validate the presented approach. Through the low‐velocity impact test, it is found that z‐pins with higher density and smaller diameter make the impact dent shallower and the surface damage less, thus showing better performance. Later, the impacted specimens mainly show delamination, explosion, breakage, and splitting after tension. During the first stage of the force‐displacement curves, since z‐pins mitigate the delamination, tensile strength shows a 29.58%–59.17% increase while in the third stage, a decrease of 3.95%–15.12% occurs due to initial damage caused by z‐pins.Highlights Different impact energies are implemented on large curved CFRP laminates of z‐pins with different diameters and spacing to explore the damage mechanism. Low‐velocity impact and tension‐after‐impact (TAI) tests are used to simulate the centrifugal force of the blade subjected to impact and rotation after impact. Z‐pinned group with a small diameter and high density causes less damage and tensile strength in the first stage increases while decreasing in the third stage compared with the unpinned group.

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Estimation of residual tensile strength of composite laminate after low-velocity impact using visually inspection

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Comparison of off-axis angle on the low velocity impact behaviors for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminates

Comparison of off-axis angle on the low velocity impact behaviors for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer laminates

The effect of composite materials interfacial discontinuities on the impact safety of future composite rail vehicles

Experimental investigations into damage mechanism in the low‐velocity impact and tension‐after‐impact testing of z‐pin reinforced curved CFRP composite

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