Estimation of Physical and Chemical Properties of Groundwater of Selected Area From Al-Dhalia Directorate, Al-Dhalia Gov., Yemen

Abstract

In this study, the concentrations of the physical properties such as the acidity number (pH), temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and total hardness (TH) and, the chemical properties such as calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), nitrates (NO3-), sulfates (SO42-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), phosphates (PO43-), fluoride (F-), and chloride (Cl-) in the groundwater in selected areas in Al-Dhalia district, Al-Dhalia, governorate were determined by collecting water samples from 16 wells and thereafter the samples were analyzed, in the laboratory of the water resources authority in Aden, according to the recommended methods mentioned in the literature. The analysis results showed that most of the well water is not suitable for drinking due to their contents of some chemical and physical properties were exceeded the maximum permissible limit for WHO (1997) and Yemen ministry of water and environment (YMWE,1999).

Assessment of the Level of Physicochemical and Microbiological Contamination of Groundwater in Parts of Bir Nasser and Bir Ahmed Water Fields in Tuban Delta in Aden and Lahej Governorates - Yemen

“…When comparing the results of the current study with previous studies about EC values, In a study carried out [36], The average of EC in groundwater in Wadi Siham Yemen were equal to 2676 mg/L. While the average of EC in the study of [23], in groundwater wells of Al-Dhalia city in Yemen, equal were 2449 mg/L. The values obtained in the above studies are similar those obtained in the present study.…”

“…Also sulfate enters groundwater from as the result of the chemical dissolution, dissolve sulfur-content minerals, and oxidize sulfates and sulfur. [23,52]. The results of this study corresponded to those of [15], where sulfate levels in groundwater in the villages of Qom province were obtained as 317 mg/l.…”

“…The temperature of groundwater increases with depth because of the hydrothermal gradient in the area, which, in turn, is influenced by the volcanic activity among other tectonic factors [18]. The temperature values recorded in this study was close to a study conducted by [23] on groundwater in the of Al-Dhala city Yemen, who reported temperatures ranging from 28℃ to 54℃ with an average of 37.87 ℃. On the other hand.…”

“…TDS concentrations in the current study are in close to with the study of [38], where mean values of TDS in drinking water wells of villages in Qom province Iran, are equal 1205 mg/l. On the other hand these results are low compared to the results obtained by [23] where TDS values was 1486 mg/l.…”

“…K + level in the body is vital as it maintains a balanced water level inside the body, controls blood pressure and plays a pivotal role in neural transmission and contraction of muscle, including involuntary cardiac muscle [50] .Potassium is found in low concentrations in natural waters since rocks that contain potassium are relatively resistant to weathering [41], but K + can be added to groundwater through anthropogenic sources of pollution such as excessive use of agricultural or animal fertilizers, or cesspits, waste products and sewage [49,23]. The K + concentration recorded in this study ranged from 6.91 mg /l to 14.30 mg/l, (with a mean value of 9.30 mg/l), as shown in Table 4.…”